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IJ.hkon froI:1 "tanoa and W.nornla,"
*1• 1908 ..

..,

THB HAmA1 ffIOlll.NG, lIII:iB DISASTER
An Ao~ount of the Twa EXplosions, tho ~obo.blo Co.usoa and the Conditiom
ding Up to 'ibm
•

(\'l"ittm tor " ?.U.n

and !.!inoral.s, n by n.L, Herrick)

lluma,- th&amp; soon&amp; ot a doublo mno tragedy on SAturday, t!tu-ch

28, in situated, aa eh0\121 in Fig. 3, 134 nllas wost of Cheyanno, on the
main line o1 tho Union Pacit:la Railroad.

It is ono of tho ooat iq)oriant

ot ' 1 ~ c coal CBI:lP&amp; $J1ll 1s said to ~ve an mmu.al output of about
4$01 000 tozw.

1ho Union Pacitia Coa.l Gcr.:ipany hero op at

thrco mines,
about l.8 YGnl"S

• • No. 2 in 1904. and no. 3 1D ljo6 .
Ho. 1 mine haa baen the aceno or tb.ree cap&amp;l'ftt~ d1

fir

, a mnOI" o.ne, occurring the year it ~· opo

30. 1903, llhen 169 llvos 'ftre lost,. md t.-ha l
b

II

tors, tho

d, tho eooond on Jum

the ono described

No.•• 2 and 3 m.&amp;.&gt;e boe th11• tar bad m dis oter •

ow.

'lbe Hanna coal aa::.oo ram a bauin or oynclinrll treugh..

'lbo

coal outcropping on tbe urtace •1 be llkonod to the rim. at on at'alahaped bOlll, w:s it dip• at angl

Teeying from l4 to 22 dogeos t ow-~d

::. ce%l'tr41 ulo-. rwm.mg opprcx!astal.7 nortbi:roGt to 11outhet1ct.

All throe

openod. on the ~ctorn aide of tb.t.a oval outcrop; mine Ho .. a
!.·~tbs utrcxno •

cm p

ltion, mine No. l l ocatod c cUo euat

or tt, vhUo mlno :tb . 3 1a mar]¥ 3 mlos oe.et ~r no. 1 .
buin -t

I

The ocnl

is rougbly e=o 6 r:dl.on alona ita l Ol'lgeat dimomion (in

eut to nat) extent and about. 2 clles w1d• troa outcrop 'to outcrap.

U1ne

Ro. 1 • • first opouod on tae wost aide bJ a al.ope from tho outcrop in
the

at an 1ncl..lnir'i.ion of e?,out 14 dogrooa.

In the tv-st 1.4 7

s

�1/
of operat1m an menmivo ten-itory wao opened ap troo tbia oide reaob1ng
to tbo bo·ttom of· the basin and ate.rting to eso-onci the auatorn Bide, which

na found to l"in q,proximately 22 dogt'oea.

To taoilltate tbe mrking ot

the o08l on thio aide• the east aide al.ope we atartod to carmoot in n
atraight lino with the wost alQJ,h'3•
t1t0

A't tho tima of tho 1903 di aster, tho

opo boadingo woro ~ parated by an intervening ~oo feet or oaal.

1'hie ea.i .elope '7na provided on the aurtaoe with ceroly a hoict nnd ·tan.
as no coal uus pulled to tho ourtaco oxoopt c:nougb to 011pply tho boUort:1.

'lbe mino output WllG. pullod up the 11eat elope to tbe tipple located at
t.h1e place on aoc awxt. ot .tr wdm.ty to tho railroad.

The coal m.ned in

t.be en-trios dri.•ven on the east al.opo of the ·baain weo lau;.red to th&amp;

bottcc 1fhero the tripo wore ma.de up and pulled to the wost sldo tipplo.
'ibe coal eecu::i vorkoo. bf mm No. l vo.riaa frOtl l2 to J5 foet
1n tbiclmess and avorages about 12 feet of \iDrkablo coal..

The coal ia

c:am::ilODJJ kuovm aa a llgolto, al thauJb closood by the Un1.ted stataa Geo-

lo

al SurTay as a seaibituminouo.

raiher triablo.

It .ia high in volatile

1he t.ollo ing onaqats ot tbiu coal. ia atven:

iter u.nd

oisturo,

6.38; Vol til.e Comb'I.USlible, 48.43; Fixed Ct\r'bon, 3'.37; Am, 8.82; Tote.a.
100.00.

Coking Pl"·llfHIIPt.i..ea, Sli@ltly; 'lotal SUlphur. o.66 pei" cent.; Aab

Slillpbur, o. 33 per cent .. ; Volat.ilo &amp;llpaur, o. 33 per oent.; B. T. u• a,

11399.4.
?.tine, lb. 1 baa &amp;1.IID,JII been PNow.,, fQedera being ~ontly

traken J.ato.

Aa

ios ot

l mne firoa roaulti.ng ob!.atl.J from apoma-

nooua ~Cllllbuation of gab consiltut a an -on

'MNl"J• Coal dust, it is olaJ.x!od• lid uot. 'be• r
o.■ tbe m1no 1a cleoidedl.7 4

:t pal"'t of this mina'e hia■lblo

tor tho fires,

in all seotiona md all the emriea have

�pipe 11

B in thaa for

etting d0m1.

For GQmo yoors ~e_oeding the dia.utor of 1903 ~
tho nim, h

action ot

-said to bavo amdldered bohind o.:lr-tigbt bulkbendc.

Tho

e.xplonon rooulting i.n the loss of 16?- Diner.a ia said to havo b_een onused

by ·:.;~

eaking out of gaa and itn ignition by n bl

ll"'Oat shot., ooilo

aoal dust raised by tho gaa. explosion, l:Utwioo rosultod 1n a .oerloa o!
local explosions.
and op

Tho ml.no llllS opened up ahortly attor thia diatlst

ted continuously up to the prooon-t time.

Recently bat throe

coq&gt;are.Uvel.y limited aoctiom of the rd.no have bem operated, one ou
No. 9 entry wost

de, ono da'Livering ita coal throu

No. 23 rock cut,

and lut the eaat aido.
ing to the mlne map. Fi

envies &amp; • 8 and Iio~ 10 ext
of about 1.o00 ton.

d

4, i i will bo noted th.~t

uth tron tba ean slope t«- a dis.tones

llo rocx:is bnd us y- been tertod frori th .se lltri .-

wben on Friday, uarob 20, tbe lnoe ot the upper entry ot lb. 10 (tho
haulage \Jl:,) wao aet on tire, pro

ly by n obot..

1be true ca:.ao ot

thle th•e -.:U.l probably never b, k1'101m, as llO 111.tnesaes ero now left.
Fir

ot th.is aon. had bGooos sucb a b-oqu,ol'lt. oocurranao

'Ulat no Qpeo-ial appr

aion 1186 felt, ho11DTer, and en-try !b. 10 waa

prQIPtJ.¥ walled up with atopp1.11ge pl.a~ed Just inside ot the first el.ant
at (a) cd (b), Fis. 4.

en Tburodaf, the 26th, tho :baulage-wl\V top-

pl-s (a) • • adYonoed 200 feet to a point (c) Just beyoat th" .first

or-oaa-out.

'!be m1De force ot 200 odd minors -.is idlo on tha follow.1rlg

1\luday• the 24th: 11wreday iba 26th; llZUl Slt.urduy, the afith, the d&amp;J
of tbe d.uaator.

11:le demand tOI' coal. this wiater hu bem ~ and

aa a nault tbo mines ba:re uaualq been idlo 011 ~ - • • and 'lhtlradaya

�1

I

tar t.lOftr'al months past.

The reports of tba v£rioua irmJst1gating cm.i,..

ce of td.x

m.tt-eoa tdU doubtless .oholi ubat J?l"oportion at tbG iotal t

f1ro. bo!UlGS IIB8 or..ployed. on thoeo idle &amp;lya.
ibldng advantage of the idlooeaa an SaUl"day-,. tho 28th, su.por-

lnt.emont Brigga with a p1oltod l orca of 17 !!lOn proceeded. 'to attack tho
fire aaol.dering behind tllo topPines in the No. lO

try.

This toroa

eaapriaed beuides Joaepb. Burton. Alfred Dodda" end J'amos Knox, f.cri.'GQn of

L:2.

jr::

Na. 1. lb. a, and No.. 3. r-oopectively. tivo gas wtomon nnd nine

nb.an, notod tor tbcdr ak.Ul. norva, am e.xparience 1n firo figtiting.
It 'tbua connt:ltuted tho no er ot the aoq, ot nanrii contribut od by all
thl'so at the cs

mr,'a m.noo .

Just what not.hod ot attack on tho fire

"- • adoptod •U l probably ~er be knorm.

•of the disavtor through a fortunet.e cireuaatS11ce, baa supplied the
writer with the datniled •P• ~ 4.

The roturn a!r-courao t1rmin&amp;t.es

in an ul)CU't ahaf't loe.ding to a 20-toot ! l ~ tan on the
Tb" east elq,511 from Which

, face ..

ry Bo.. 10 was turnet11 111 'thlUI a douo-

out. i'lle mum airway ot o.nv:, No. 10 cozmaeta Id.th the o.ir-cour'ae
io ttie tan llhial'l puaee un:ler the baul.age my ot oniry Ji). 10 by ,m

~ . era1;rJ lo. 10 blld the croas-cuta and elm• a.a anon IJPa.aod
at 200-taol imOl"'f'ale tor the first 800 feet in froo the alope.

Beyond.

tbat point oroao-cuts woro ,paced at 100-focn interYalB for tho ra,aini:ag

800 teat ot the mtry.
Ur-. Cb.riatianaen tnlnko tbe tollowlng mthod wu ad. .04.
lMa:hg b1e ap:Jn:SoWl on tbe d1acuaa1on of plana tho mg :t l&gt;efore tho di.. -... llllen JIH.n. Drigga1 Dotldaa .and Bunon were pl"NODi.

�'.l'ho otopping (c) 1n the haulage wuy waa p-obably tiret taken

om and advanced to {d) Ju.at ooyond the aocond alant • . thon ths olant
nq;,p1rig ( o) o.:i.s r-emovod and_the air-coiree stopping (b) reooved to
L -

point (r) bo:,ond the slant, ol.10\ling tbe trcah cur to elear out the

~c.w,!J

botoocm (~) mid (f) nnd t.ha alop0.

In this wey it is probable

that tho fire fighters. bad ad.Vmlood :to Just boyo?J1 tho uoond slmlt, 800
fM in froa the Dl~o. wh&amp;n the catastrapbe, ~tever it vu. oCGU.rrad.
Po

1.bly in the .PNCSSS of Q ~ the atoppih~ (d) fonsrd tbo mJor'l.ty

of" th.e po.rty tvere owrcone with witedaql ~lowing the air to coaa in

cents.ct. uit!l the gn:s in t-co great a qasnt1ty and tb.ua f~m.ng -en ox-

ploaift m.xtve..

It aca:1s probable, bo'lfOVor, tbnt at loaGt tour ot

touzn at poim (g) on the No. 10 entry- puotin3-

tmy 1181"0 juat. going in w Joi.a tbe oth

aocoq,azwblg t)la explosion. thqy tbr

th

l t aoms P"ObAblG that

s. llhon leolin,g tho air blast

ol.voa ta.co domnrd.

Lew J'tlnbl1"3 aound.a au~od by a Jaz-.ring or tho

that. abook the town announoed tbe oxplo ion at 3;0S .P.n-

t!1

Im,estip:tion

ko:l a:ncl bopelea-oly aavad in.
w'hil• the 11:)odon fiap ol the air-ab.aft '1ae- blom otf. the tan itsalf wau
llld.llJl1l"Oei -.d tho-

aft cs quiokly rapdred witti --attico oloth.

.

~

\.

del&amp;OG 880LlS to ahOII that the f 611 w.a •ioppod, llOV\'#81:"1 &amp;md mt ¢artod

until Wi,PPed liJ' Inepeotor Elia, upon~• .-rinl.11
$(D(l

1c1ea of the f crae of the OJrplo:alo.n on thG 'lfeat al.do :1s

pilLed fNr:l the tiDding of tll_e al.ope tlmva blom out of tho pit muth

toard the tipple. Sneral 12-f~t t.lmbera, a foot in diamter,

�wero blown aga1nat the t1ppl&amp; at di taneea of' fl-on 300 to 400 tGet,

and ono 15 ~choo 1n dirmotor fall oloao to the boile pl it.. attar- o.
flight ot noro than SO!&gt;: to

'l1le Met al.090 gus Utt.le ujurocl by this

•

•

firat o~ocion, although tho mouth or tho

oo?tcr.i wost lcpo ia 6,200

bile tho. noutn or tb.e- eut alope ls but

feet dlstar.xt from en y No. 10,

2 . 000 teet d atnnt..

Doubtleos -tb.o rsparts ot tho invo igoting com-

will tundoh data in &amp;lrplanation ot tbis poim.

m.it

1

In the 0&gt;an

tiae Id.th wr,ry co111&gt;etent uitn e either dead, er in l'lO condition to
olearly reaao:n. it aoems idlo to theodze-.
the :alne vontilation are not

At this

ting clata on

aUtt&gt;l.e. bat will be a

'lbe root ot the Aflt

ed laial".

ir-sbatt aloping to the tan houoe wna·

blo11:n otf in a •nner dmilar to tba't at tbe wen ai.d • but nld.thar the

fan ncr the al.ope 1lllB :m:n::,mo:1ally a.:q,a.
11118

.U.f#lt.

A8 SOOD as th

ve :t.od about tho

ock telt on tbia side

tacts booomo known to tho rooeaoro con..:

ockod •art el.op ,. tb.

th&amp; ea.st al.ope, 1¼ ml.es d

'lbe

tant.

rushed across the bU1 to

Gl"e their f'irst eftorta flt'G upended

1n r&amp;plllring t.he ran.

Iru.qteotor
Spri.:~

rid. 11. Elia WO on Vain )b. 3 going to Bock

a'\ th9 tiz:le ot the e:zploaion am waa handed a telo

amoanoins

it. abortly aft« it oocurrod. Ha arr1Ted at Ur.m.a aborlly ctt

4 P.U.

lurclq till !lour after tbe firri diearier. Dt.-y person ot authorit.-7 1n
tbe

• ,, bad been wip

out by the fJrst. uploaion and. up to ths tlzia

ot tu arrival. at lnaponor ~as. thar'e aoocm to ma been m lead8r •

.Prerioua tr&gt; bis •rlnl, bownv, i~ sea.:is that. Jo e.pb 1ioo48,, ia• sale
nrrtv1n&amp; tire oou out of ab, attcpted aor.io _.

ml.on of tile llilliag

�but GXClted rascuero...

l.iOaviug a ~ nt tho fu,Gt 04try to ~

°'hero- fron fallo~ behint'l till eollil~ions woro aaear

atf-

nod, i1oocls

riod out.

ib.o

d lett by t:-oods at the first entry, bo avai:-, ovid

]a ~a not oqual

to the ooo.aaion. for b.o· bilrcolf •ant bmlw 0nd 'ila&amp; k1U

~Y t-b.e socond

upl.oeiQn..
\:.'hsn ho arri'fe

c.t the ~ut.b ot t~• east elope sveey ono

looked to I.n eater Zliaa aa the l.ondar at t~ resouarn. Hitt task 'J!lD
1 ditfic1llt b1 tae los1 ot all p

sons ot eutho ty know to

Brigg • the foremen of tho

, flhilo t be sixth

bad Jut bee ..-riod out l's.Ting !roe tho ettGCt;s ot the sae onoouut;rGcl
Mlo.
ord

lluspoctOl" Elioo wldentlJ n.aoded n mmi Who would enforce bu

s 111th a club it meoaz E'fl'Y., but the mn be pickod no~ ~ :fa.Uoct

him. 'but lost bi.a own Ufe through di1obodiellCo ot (rdora... Aftel" atartb&amp; the r

o4 wet alopai f•• ~o oast clop&amp; f .an bav11l3 beat run

eai.lm

q, tu:,e=or mJ.aa wl-tb • party ot ta »A •wted da-n ~he

-.at al.01&gt;0 pra.ul.y a.boat 5 ;JO P. U.
'DL$

rat rnd to

ta. . ~-·- of th• al.ope, m.th strict s.n.tnJqtiona b-Olll ~ .:Uiaa to
allow m oaa olN ~ go bolo • '?lae pariy oool.cl m~ b:lv~ ~n gcme laag.
boar r , ?Jefore the ~ d ybldect to tho pree..-o of exoit.;Jd. ~i.lld-be

fl'fery on. pauecl at willt up uJ down the al.op~~ the Jld.u. If. 1• now

�- 8&amp;l1'1tGl"•CU that .more thon

;o mon mst- have follo :od the :imapect.or•t1

PIS°'ty into tho mine atl"eaming along dow the _lope in groupo. ot 'lhroe or

m.ora, without n leader. m.thau:t o: c,,,
• _,....Uon aud \lithout a plan.of con-

cer-tc •• action. In tho anouing o-ontuaion each zroup aeocs -to have taken
euch pr-ecaut ionn ar1

done by at.hare.

oOtled Qoot to it, \7ithout- kllCkling whd nns bai113

Fl"OCl m at- hna b.oon thus fQr

an1d 1 it gill bo soon that

it ls natural to expoct conflicting . uta:ient.o from tho t ow who went c.town
the

op-e and a.arr

'Ibe. .ta~

~ o OCl)ad do.ath

nt or an cgi.

in tbo an uing oooond ojjpl oeion ..

r. trained io obsorvo Qnd tslk acctll"ately is

•

t.hefffore of eepod.el vul.ue at, tbls t

In tho first

.

- y of t.a mn with Im:pectox- li!l~&amp; wao E.. O.
~ •1~~.-.

Chr1.at~e._ the c:~ , = ~•s

who furnished 'tho Wliet'

with the t ollom.nz stai e.mit.:
"As 1-hia party went down tho slo. , it brattica:1 up the ontrieo

an b!&gt;th oidos u.d vaa en
by ~ :i about 6 .P.. ll.

d. 1n this wm.-k on tho tll1rd enti,- wbon Joined

Xnapoaor m1!l

here was afraid t.oo m= air \JUB

oo1dng in and sent rJO to -tb\l weat olope fan t o alo'.!I 11. do;:m to about

20 rffolutiOAe pE!I" m.nute abo-n half ita t1.aual

eed.

!J,etumi.J\1 to tbe

alop I joimd tho lnopoattr' a pvt, ot t.bo 8th im.tr.r about 8:~ P.?;.

ud FOOHdod wi~h it to tb.il U&gt;th entry•
,...

ore tho bodia's of the tbroo

mn and t he rope rumiort W.i'e found in the pcu"tbg at (g).

0!:11.ng

to the JlteG1Paes• of tho al.ope each body raqdrad at least six w,m to
Otll"r'J

it o•• ao tba'l from 24 t.o 30 mn imn taw ataried back from th:la

palm 11ltl1 the ~dle1.

11th Iupeator SU.as WB · - back t o 'tho 8th

ent.l'J and hero renod a few mlmrtoa u i ilun wont tu.rt.her up t o elll,ry

lo. 5 aa the air &amp;'l 'lu 10th aD4 8th bad bee bad anit w-.k•ixlg.

�"Br. llOi"

n llriffitbe,, genm"al foreoa,n of tho company, wao

ed to .arrivo ti'om Rock Springe, at nbout 8:30 P.u. llnd tako charge
of the

It.

lnspootor El.ins therefore

aitocl his arrival. at the 5th
Up to thiQ

..,- f cr aoce t.imo. comantari.:11 OJCPeoting to bo relloved.

time all. the antr-les ~jte()pt No. 8 bud been lrattiaod up.

5 '::_ . te.s\ becoming

•

1bo air u:t •rb .

rse !111d .feal.!nu its affect.a. I triad to purauade

the 'Izi119octor to acc01?1pafV me to the aurfe.ca.

Failing in 't hia, I started

In p __,r RU.aa. was hat m~n at tho point., mm-ked (a).

Old.

"General. Tier
2:30 :.... M., after tb.e

Gri.tfiths did not trrive at muina till about

oond uplo ion

ortq after lO P.JI.

GQZ'rying the body ot the rope rurm~ , ~

the first envy llb.en I P-..u- it.

, wae r

•lf41.,._

turnod buck.

in at a point. near

Jun abova ttrl.s point I

uu. Sibtola coming down the Glops, and uae

ih:.! party,

W!lS

mst by

autod out by ~ 11hen hG

Ho could bordly have reached tbs first entry 400 te•

.

down When tho torritlc 89COl1d .xplo ion OCClrrGd Id 10:25 p .. u•• blowing
hie body up to a poiBt op aaito tho knuckle . ..
Hwitala cust have boen following close behind Tezmmxt, tor tho
'boq ot the latter wns pi~Gc:l up at (1) near th~ mouth ot t~o slope tho

nm
_.t

mDPning .

Theoo two ball.es 1n addition to those or ·the t!reo gas

Al'rlod out Just beforo the second exploai.on were tne only anos

rNOnred up to tbie c;ri .. 1:Dg (Aprll 2)ened 117 tbe 1aat dlanater, entoA'

'lbo east al.ope was bop&amp;leaalJ

all 'Who were below.

A howso-to-bouae canYoas by 1be ooq,any official.a next
a1q edUliab.ed tbe tac\ tbo.t. 41 aen wro mlaaing in addition to the

18 loat ill the tirat uploalon, miking a total of 5'J tatal.itiaa.
Altboash the bo4iea bad not been. l"NO.,..ed at. the Ume tho.

�-10 date wsro secured it 1a probable that in addition to the tour bodies

al.ready found at (g) and tbo two at (1), tbo 14 bodioQ or tho cr1ginal
party will be foU?ld be~\lOon (g) antl stopping (d) nnd that 48 mre are

ca-ttersd along the elope.
Ubilo tb~ cruao of the aocond explosion cnnnot be dotorminod
until M elln'!:li.nation oan bo made of the

rki»gs

l0',11, nnd prob ly •not.

~hon, it scoca probable t.hat the atata:iGnt o! a oinGr, wbo oacaped. up

the

pe just before the e.xpl.onion, and bnediately after Cbriatintwen•

wUl be found ~rNOt. He tatoa that· throe oon tsSro just. atart1ng to
lra.t.t1oa up

try llo., 8 ao be otartod tor tho a.irtnae.

A3 Christians

1.eft Imp crtcr fill.ia at -the ,5th 8llU'7, it w~ remain tor evidence

oaretul.ly coll.octed frora

tnes o to show

other tbis

done by his crdara or not.

Xn any went it now seeps llkeq that tbo

bra~ticin of entry No. 8 Md the efteot ot for~d.ztg an inm-mu,ed aircurrent into entry llo. 10 driving u 'body of gns on to the tiro there
:ragl.ng. with outt:lci~ air~- pro,,1.d an e~losive m.xtura.

It uould

take sox:io JS minutoo for a E2li!l to wol.k fl'OC entry Ho. 8 to tho rurfo.ce.

AllOlriztg 10 minutes for tho placing of the brattice aftel" the witn3SO

ataa-'I

tcr tbe mrtaoe nnd 5 mimtes tor the inareaaod air-cur1·ent 1n

Bo. 10 to pGDO'h'a"t ~e flre acme, aa,y 1,000 teet 111. it is. soen whJ
it la ,Pl"O ble that the uploa1on troa this ~au,e toot plaoe Ji.a altal"'

the wltnea11 gs out .or the mins.

'lb.la point wUl probably be 4efild:t.ol.J

detertd.nod and reported upon b7 tbe varioua oommiaaiona no.1 ill'reatipt111g.
1'tleir rtpcrta wUl be ptl.)liped at o. later date.
Jll a'\tempta at rescma ..-k wore aba.ladoned ahorUy after 'the

�....

/
-11-

nd
co
ozploalon, \tdeb orockad and cavod the east alopo.
I:l6.n llorgan Griffiths tmd Genaral Superintendent.

o. L. Blac!t arrivad

a-t Hannn from Rook Springn at 2:30 Sunday mrning.
paz,y of'fialala soon on hand 1.1ero tbo !ollodng:
and gen

Oonoral Foro-

other p.raxdnmt c;oo-

o. o. Clnrlt, vioe"1)1"eaidant

el mnna.gor. mid J. J .. BArt, asaist.mit t.o tbo vico-preaiden:t, frou

Omaha; Aseiato.nt Oon al anager A. E. Brndbtry, from Cheyenne i SUperin'tendont J'~

Uoedbo.o and Foreosn Jolln llatcs, fl"vo Gumborlnnd, tyo. ,

and David G. Joaoo, li-lt . Uadlll, tUld Jobn Dykes, formen at Rock 3irings1

W.,o.•
GeDGl"al

U:,n:in.y..,

ager D. o. Cl.ark arrived at Hruim f:ron &lt;nahn on

Uith thooo ot tioiol.a was o. piekod fcrce of n _ly 30 non, noted

f'or their ekil.l, nervo. and oxperl azsoe 1n coal mine disaotero. Undor tho
ltdon of these otf ic.isl • the om attaokod the debria at tbo muth

aup

of the

ck011 eut al.ope and dmvo a twmol thl"DlltPl tho cave-in fer a .

d1otuneo of 20 toot.

At thie point aftord p drova them baok; teelins

suro that nll within bad met tholr deaih._ the o;ening was eol.ed ath
timbers overlaid with din. Not till irednead~, Apr-U 1,. ne another
attmi,t •de to reopen tho east. alope.

Afterdaq;, pravented pODQVaHon

t.o c p ~ more .than 3,. toai 1n, •~al men boing overcome in tbe 11tteqrt.

'lo

~

furl.h..-,

A nopping wus t.herotore put. up ,3() feet in .and t.he mi

again aealod.

'Dia debris in front or the at.op-ping wns ibon UCaYa'led.

Ii 1a propoae4 to slowly ad'fanoe atoppi.Daa clom the a1ope in thin Damlel"•
.clewrlng up u progress i ■ •de.

Every pr-ecmat1cu1 ia belng tokon

to pNWOU a furiber loss ot lite.
C a ~ to \be cx,urae aonotimee 1)111'mad at ahlUar diea.atel"B

�ti

-12 -

I-

1t7 other .Ocmpaniea•. tho Union I'a.cii'ic Cool Co . officiola havo ulloued
ttle triter ovoey privilegG ot inapection and grcat ]J easiatod in the col•
labQration ot this article. At tb.e
the dieaater to at.tompt

oqum.e d

esa1t writ.
orlptions and

it ls too JY.&gt;on attar
, t °' accurate data.

lmmedio.toly after the disaster. Ol&gt;v~nor ·Brooks 1.!ppoint.ed
Inap~or !{Ollh Y ~

or the northan Di.atr-lct,

·

meted by u. FilmB».

miJ1e forancw o.t tho Sharl d~ C.,:u ~o. . ~i.et:, t)'o. , tmd J'oeoph ~'thgo,

o.saistmm t~· Gm1n of al.cm-oek, ::yo. , to iweatige.1 o ui l r oport on th&lt;:&gt;
1

diosoter.

Thia r

ort, toge~h3r with 'thoee o! ttio T ioua ath

iarm. will be pu."oll

(id at a lat-Or de.to.

aoo:-Jis-

�</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1">
                <text>Union Pacific Collection</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1199">
                <text>This collection is made possible in part by a generous grant from Wyoming Humanities. All materials are the property of Union Pacific Coal Company, on long-term loan at Western Wyoming Community College. For usage inquiries, contact the &lt;a href="https://www.uprrmuseum.org"&gt;Union Pacific Museum&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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    <name>Text</name>
    <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
  </itemType>
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    <elementSet elementSetId="1">
      <name>Dublin Core</name>
      <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="43">
          <name>Identifier</name>
          <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2400">
              <text>1-0116</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="39">
          <name>Creator</name>
          <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2401">
              <text>R. L. Herrick</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="50">
          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2402">
              <text>An Account of the Two Explosions, the Probable Causes and the Conditions Leading Up to Them</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="49">
          <name>Subject</name>
          <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2403">
              <text>An account of the Hanna explosions intended to be used for "Mines and Minerals." The Hanna, Wyoming, Mine Disaster</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="41">
          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2404">
              <text>Several 10.5" x 8" papers held together with clip. Pages are in good condition with minimal damage. Some pages are faded may be hard to read.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="45">
          <name>Publisher</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2405">
              <text>The Union Pacific Coal Co.</text>
            </elementText>
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          <name>Type</name>
          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <text>Text</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="47">
          <name>Rights</name>
          <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2407">
              <text>CC BY-NC-ND</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Date Created</name>
          <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2408">
              <text>1908-05</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Is Part Of</name>
          <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
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              <text>Mines and Minerals</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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