https://haylibrary.cvlcollections.org/files/original/bef68323c0daf7897bb9259169cf0bff.pdf de80e6a7f1ddbbf2b9d848cb36ebcc96 PDF Text Text VIST OF ,. t • F. MASTER.TO - AND �.:;un a 20 o 1039 l!:r. ',"Iilli an F . r.:a.otcr-;:o·n The :r:c.il a.n ~ir.i nc Ac.mini a·;.rc~: on Ch~o l:o cht1an t; , L-l'.Y ch Hopci ...:·rovinc e, Horth Ch:l.na D oar :i.::r. Lias t er ton : I hnve youx 1 8t·i;c :i.· today, ,:Jli.tten on U~ 18th. I t io e:.:trencly i ntc:rcotinc, cud I c:ioi.::u:r:e you I fJ.l e;r. tr ~:iely o.eli c;ht ed to get i t . I h :.1.v e ·c.,kc..~ t he lib erty o:t' publi shi nc; i.:c.xt o :f i t in oul' J uly ::.:ac,;azf n c, i7hi ch you i.rl 11 receive in C.n c ti. wC . \'le hv.ve jua t :fi i'li shed our 1-'i ftcen th /1nmin.l Old 'l'i ners ' Reunion Saturday, rrl ·i:;hou r :b'i rst .Ai d conteot tho :xrs7i.ou s daY - I n.n sure you t;ill be i nterested in xcad.i;1~~ ol t:·j.e ce r:ffciro, ,:.ili ch v.rill <llro c:,,yea;i;> in th e J'uly l:.2Gc1~inc. '.:here ,"Jere s even t een Bo y en d G:lrl Scout tcw:10 , a nc. ·c,,elve ::.Gul t t c w.10 en t crccl . '.!'.h e Boy r..:nd Gi rl 3L'OU t o , ...:.1 t:houJt in c. ue.urrc~te c.avisio_n, rated ·very clooe to t ho ne., 1 0 tee.Do . Our Goi'cty roco :td i o 1.Jiclcin{;;. u.i., t:hi o ycr;r. ::.::I, ~.;e huve 139 ,000 mun hours 1.:01·kecl 11e~ lo ot-tiue rccidcnt. our Su_;crio:r 1 B0 Jjin e ,·:on the sen tin '--l s of. -->Qfc ty t:ro~Jhy .ro1· 1~38, t·fu.icll makcrn f ou r ti me □ tr"l u ~ thiG t1·o~hy h~~:.:; been e:rn.nled to the Suycr.i.01· cin ee. dJ j '.Ihe co a l bu0incos is xathcz-· ~lo ri . '.l'he co almininc s tri k c ·puo ahort-li ve<1 , cn<i t1n0 ilev0r juotifi ed. o :bop c tl~f t ~or.ie u,•Y E:>mC' f'o l'fil of a.rbi tJ.~a tion .:111 se tt.1.c L:1bor cli o1.'. t-;J, ,:-hicll are 60metimeo un ca lled fo1·. our ,;o:s.·ot cdfi'iculzy &t the ..,reacn t t i me i s the quo.l' Zel bctnocn the CIO e:,ncl .AJ-:'L, ihe ._Jubl ic r nc. t h~ C!.lJ.Jl oy e::: of t en the :11 rmo ccn t bystcncier . 11 r.ho.11 he c l c.6. to t ok e Cul'0 of ; .1·. J~·..mi CC'Jll, to i vi ::it i;i th him. You l!le.Y r eot i ,s:.;urecl ,·:e ·.·111 t dcc c.ood <,, 1·e of him , ond chon hirn eve:rythi n& h e deoirea to oee here. Sh:.?11 be elno. , too, to tell: , ii th him coou t hi o vi oi t to 3co tlc.ncl. l :...n, am l ool=ine for Y10 1'cl I ~E. tel:inc the l iber ty o f Gc.ndi nlS you u little bool:l o t, '' Some cnori e1., or _.1·. Carl n . Cray, n by li1·. ::u cene i ~C!tu li i'fo. :.i:r·. Gray \ ·1:...0 l •rcr-;i ucnt o :i.' tho Unio n ~ucifi c �J:la ilr o £.6. fo:;. n.::ny ycd'O: ::.::c .... ..: ~ ·Jc::y f in e e;@ tl e,"!!.an . L" I ·. ::c.Auli fi'e , b ein& r n ch, ::'::..~ .::.,1u~ · ,:-~·o t~ c. i'iu e cul o & , "l.7ill. ch I :2:1 sure you ·.:o ulD lil,i;; ~., :_:-·,e. __ c:·'l L~-~ d to !;::1-.1·,--; -~h ~.t every thinc i ::; &o i nG ucll ,.-_,i t..ri you , ~ n c.. ho.:_1e ;;,.o-.~ ,..::J ..>e &bl c t o -vi si ·G th e Un i i eu St a t es agai ,1 i.::,on . 0rtr•r:~1 Si•:n P,!: 6Evt;tiJE 3. Pf<YDE �The KE~il2n riining Admin istri:1.ti on Ohaok oc:i::wang , 'KLlyeh , ho_;e i l)r ovince r-I orth Chi na . .1.st~1 - } I I ,.'tr. George B. Pr y-:.e Vice Pres i o.ent , O~er-ntian , The Union PG.cific Coal Co . Ho clc S ) rings , 1.·. yo ui.112; . ;.,i:l.~~, 19 9 RECEIVED JUN 1 9 1939 VICC:. Pf-iE:S10 i· NT OPl?~.h.T!CM • l Dez.r I.:r. Pryde, I v.•ish to tm:,.nk :-: ou :t'or your letter of 7th. J a n UB.::.·y. I was very glad to hear that you were a ll well e.nd that your l1.1ines were going well. I am. 2.lso extre mely interested ea.ch rnonth to read from your Employees Magazine of your excellent Safet y records and of your untiring ca JI1paign in t r.at direction. It is exceedingly difficul t i n the l'Eines here to do much of tha t descript ion clue the lack of education arnongat the miners 2nd to the shortage of relia ble staff f o r supervision. It is impossible to get the p e rsonal touch, which is of _course essen tia l; you will realise that when I tell you the.t we b.e.ve, every day , a total of over 11,000 shifts viorked underground in this rnine a l one, and that is 88,000 man hours of exposure 9er day . Tr.e coal tra de sti.Ll ilourish es h eEe . ':l e are 11roducing a n a verage dai.Ly output on -~ tI1e top side of 7 1 200 tons per da y, Vlhich is our present capacity but we hope within o. yer..r to increase that to b , 000 tons. The exchange difficulties in China b.B.ve consi<lerably increased the cost of .li ving for the workmen and we h a ve had to fu r ther �- i - t;"' incre::.:.ee t : ~eir \',zges Lnd e;ive assistance by subsidising the SU,i:)_pl.~• o:t' f.Lou r to them a.t cheap rates through Ollr r:e1f'::;.re organisation . I he.ve rer d v:ith regret that you have been lw.ving strike trouble in the States but I trust that it is now ainicably settled. I am enclosinc; the CG.rd of Mr. Jamieson , our Cent rel '.'.1 orkshops Supe rintendent, who '\'72.S with the :life Cof.. l Co. be:fore coming to China . He is i ·etun1ing to China irom Home Leave via the Sto.tes auring June and I toolc the liberty of advising him to stop at Ro ck Springs if he had time. lie \'/Ould oe very interested to see :·our new plant a t the D. 0 . Clanc Uine . Life here continues to be interestmng and conditions in the North here are a t present quite settled under the new regime. In Pebru.c..ry we :ri.a.d a visit in the i'liines Area from the British Ambas sador to China , S i r h rcniba.l.d ClG,.rke Kerr. At Easter I took a week ' s lioliuay c:.nd s 2 ent it at Peking, v1hJ..ch is about 150 fililes from here . It is a wonderful. &nd a fascinating city a nd certa.inly shoy;s that the a ncient Chinese could teach us quite a ~ot. I enjoyed the trip very much. I v:ould lilce to send my .. indest 6 a:r.ds to 1.Irs . Pryde , to yourself and to all ,:horn. I had the pleasure of meeting at Rock S,:.)rings . Yours very s :ncerely , �WM. JAMIESON WORKSHOPS SUPERINT ENDENT THE KAILAN MINING ADMINISTRATION LINSI NORTH CHINA ��L;;.--. ·:·ra. "2 . ilns tci·-::on c/o Toe Ka.ilan I..:inint:, l'..d!:").i t1i s-t:.' ation Chc.o ko cll't7C1l C, Kuy eh Hopci. :.::-o vi nee , lio!'th Chi11 n Dear :.1r. 2-:Qste:rton: It ,..-,•ao indeed a plce.ei.,1r0 to hove your l etter o:? Dece:;1bcr 5th . ,:i th all t l.:.c confusion in Chin n , I have been rnnderini.3 hO'."i you t1ere e;etti nc; a.lon e; , but ora c l c,d to knoY! thu.t you ure ::;;tcyi nf;, :..rw t ha t ever·ythi ng i o Lu in c along \7cll ui th you, c.nd t 11c. t you .::.:re minin e; a lot of co ~l. "! ni ll be intci-eotecl i n lmo\'Ji ne ho\'1 your u en p l ant com.eo out c..u:!.'inc; th e s,::l--:!:l ex ::re :1 th s • 0:J.l' D. O. Cl a rlc lline is now on p:t·oduction, c'!n tl ·.-;e e::-.;ect to r.1cl<e that o. l arge _pro du cer. br in gins ou ·i; '? ~ot.0 ton ~ in t\-:o !Jeven-hour shifto. If you come throu~h he:re, I ·;;i ll ue slud to ;;ihoy; you around, ohouin{; tho ll,any i m.;.)I'O v~_rn~n -ts r;e ha·v·e ,"Jade s inc e you were here l ust . I hear from 1:r . Reid once i n n r:hi le, r,l '1;hougn not often, ...nu rlote he i::; tioi n:;; i...OOC! Lo.!'1: in J ufety. :..e had a pre tt:;,· &,oou. ye.::.r :?or ac ci de:1 ·i; c -· -. not too c:ood, '.:ith t1;;0 i' e>.to.litieG -- bu.i had a ~ood :r.-cco1·u. '..linin g • .... little ovel' '(l1i-ae willion tono of ...c1a.l, •..1th t.n ..:.ve1:a""'e o f n.oou t 103,000 man hou1·0 of O]qJOouro IJer l oGt-time injury. lk.rma i'inid,.ed ti.i.o yec.r •.1ith 2~2,000 i,1on houi·s , ·, .n.ich i ~ u re:.1ar::~o l e reco !'d. bu t '.7e :feel -:,e h,?~e· not· yet re~c110d t..1-ie ·~ov, enc.. ere Loin t; t".J kcev t.ryinc . i.loc:i:ta i:; ;-:1errict,. , we., , .re h~VE;; one cr. ..nc.it:nn ; they noz1 li vz in .Jac!:con. ·:zyamine. :1e al ro hn.v c one g:rand:2on i n C.:hi cc.o,, 1il'l~rc my ;:on i ;: cr:1_,loyco. l.iy the Gooduc.n :::en ufc,ct urinc Cor-1._;e,.11y. I \·1i l l be e lc.u t:i h~ar f1•om you. c.:i; :.Ya;/ 'd ue, ~nd i t .. .:.a c. u l cc.:.n.,.t .......1.'p1·ioe tr; ll~vo 3 ouz· letter :-.: t t1.e Ch1.~1 .:i tu:. ::: zec.m ri • 'VGJ.y sincerel y youro, Or\g\nal 91.gnea: ,.. • "1 ~ .. \.t,-" h\,,A'- B, PRYDE �r V4 ~ v . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~ .. ~ C, --op~ ~ V\J ~ . . . . 0 (-- ._fl-- ~ ar,,_,t?"J . ~ ~. I ~~ ~, ~ -tr ~ of ,_, ~ ~ ~ ~ J,,,.~ c; ~:~•~ , w.- l .,.. «-..ot 1A,w, ~~ ....... t,.,1. "'o 'r~---:JWr ,. ~ /;:J:p "r LZ f--c. ~ ~ r ~ J ~ ~ . c)- c.u-...G, ~ l ~/ ~ ~ . v ~ I ~~ r-'-' ,;7 ~ . / ~ ~ ~ "---"' J,- ·4 , ~~~ 14-J,r-t) ,. &-t!..tJ I t~~ ~ qo ~ v~ . �( r· u:=, ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 0 r j~Q. ~ w~ ~ . ,/,-4 of-~, ~ r•◄ ~ (4"' . ~~7 ....,_.,__ .,... "" ! ~... ~ ,~ ~.-1 ~ - d ~ ~ (,,,..,.c ~ i~!-- ~ ~ I ' / ~ "'- ~ ~ • tk ~ ~ .,,eLA., n.....a _.. C ~ ~ ,.~ ~ J-- • e.., • ..d ~ 11-r 1 !},,Ire 1,¥< """"°' ..... a:; ~ ~ r...-. ~ <rz.J- ~ ~ CJ-4 ~ o If · "(-- ~~ l; i . . o ~ ,~r7 -c """ ~ "1--..d. 'b ~ r AJ~~- ~ j,, t'\.r'J<V ~~(J,CMr"V a:;-_,r-a:...; �~ -- c=.,'-cp F,., ~-=i "'~ ,.,_. '"""~ ~ """""' .... tf&-o{-J" tJ.-4 0.-- .,.~ -tr ~ I~ , /1-1 , t'f- ,._,~ ~~ ~ "r w; M" 1-. ; < ~ ~ l,.c-~ rt-<! ~.,. .::;~ p-~ cl ~ '-- l �(~) ~ ,,~, - C<i A..()I. ~ I ~7 ~u.,....a.-,~ r . ~~ ~ /~ ~ o-,,,.eJ. -,__ r 1""'r l"=<t • ~ ~°'-~ ~ I=-; Vt ~ ~ ~~. 04..~~~5.e ~ ~r- qq+ ~rrv-,,.d �------ ,rv. n c 6, 1938 .Jilliar:i !? . llasterton , :~sa , c/o Kai lan ilining Admini st!'u:i.:ion Chacko ch,1a.n&, Kuy eh F.opei P rovince, lfo1·tl'l Chinn 1 Dear ?.::r . I1nsterto n : I rm.s f'lll'pri sed to read in "Co al Age 11 for June, 1938, the.t you have been appointed unciergrolll'ld raanager of the Chaokochu:ma colliery. I had not heard :f'rom you for eome time, end ,,as r:onclering ho\7 you \7ere eettine a lonr:; i n the Llidst of a ll the turmoil in Chinn. Glad to lmor.r th~t you ar e s till residing there, and apparently everything i s going well \':1th you. 2vcrytl1ing ia moving along r:i th the openinG of our new mine at Zuperior . It i a pretty \"Jell developed nou. 'lhe ti pple and beli conveyinc; oystsn ere bcinc; installed , and nill oe compl eted l a te in July . \; I hear from Ui·. K. H. McUeill that thei1· ncm colliery in '.leat ]'if e i o also bein1., r~pidly d evelop eel, md they have nou reachecl the coe.1 ,,i •m their shaft, t.n<l a.re 1,uttine; up their cleaning ~<i pre1.Jar0.tion p l an to. You may be in te1·ested in our Old '!'inters 1 pro c ram, \·;hi ch I em sendine you. ~-'i ll be s l ad to hear fro m you mon you find i t oonvoni en t. Very sincerely yours, Orlirlna.1 Signed: GEORGE B. PRYDE Eno. �:..;r . ',:'i llia!ll F . £.msterton c/o '.ihe Kail an .'.li :-iin;:; _\<bini :;t::-i'.ltion Ti en t sin, J(o rth Chine '!lear ~ - !.:ast erton : It ,7e..s E.. pleaGl.!re t:o h3a:;: .::r;a.:l.n f .rom you a f e\"J ciays ago . I \:ran sur.!.n:i f:leu. indeec:., to knot; that you ·:;e::-e l e::.'7in:· fJ C'.O Gland , co:i.n::; to c:iina . I c annot blane you , IJec auoe a ;yolli'lg raa.1 ·:1<:lilts ·GO wove o.lon£ nn(: g et !";:omo advanc ~~ent a~ter he has ~eceivc~ ~n education, [lld th~ ee years i n a o.tf':feren ~i; c.t-:no Dl)t1ere , under a diff e:.l:'•an t co~1>~ny, v,'i 11 even tually do you no h a:rm. . You r;ill ob t ain valuubl e ex.>e:t"'i ence, un d I am sure the exyeri 2nce you h a ve hereto:i'o~e oo-i;ui:1ed ',Tl 11 be hel::.,i'ul t o you in s ou:r neu :oosi tio11 . At one t iae 'l'hc Union 1-':ici:fi c Goal Conpnny had ~ru,y Chinese ;:1orki.ng i'or it in t h e mines, ~urming U"') uu·i;il i n c..l'uuaci 1800 there ,;ere about '700 OJ.. ·i;li.e-,a . lTo-:; ,::e have no ..}h inG:Jc . 1·~ few yea.l':J ULO, T.'e s e:ut t t,C l ast of the::i back to Jhina, on ·ucnciou . c e:1e fro-:::i C.:.nt on . C.!lin~ . - !..:oct o f tl!em I run ver:y much eurpri sed to imo'.1 that the Clli.nese .ire mininb c ol!.1 at su ch a depth, a.0 I \ :us uue1er the i r.ivxesfliou that coa l uo.s under com11arativcly lioi·i; cover in t:lOJlY yur t s o f (,lli. ua. I do not h ear f roI:1 !.'3 . Rei<.l very often , out p r esu.Je he i s ousy . I no te in tllc Colli ery Qul-i.rdie.n that he i ~ curryini:; on un i ntensive s i.iety p 1·of,rw:.1. Had o. l etter fion t...X- . I..:ci!cill ant. he is spenainc ~~c t i!:10 in C Cl'.'.:1G'1.1 • ow.· con1:;t1·uc tio n •. or~ i l::i £:,oi ng al.on!; f o r the pre::rnn t :;c:n.1· , am , :;e are :;:iovi n G clonu, tryinc; tc t,et our lJl"C>Gl·w:1 cowplcted b efore the c.dvent o f the. cold u eather n e,,: t fcll. ·::e bouJ1t qui tc a larce nur.'lber of loacin:: ':':l~c'i.::.n~~ c :tin, ::,r!.:1~i:;:-ll:,• r-,.';.akinc conve;tor'3, ....1th one Joy lo~c.a.cr for :;;in~:inb :::lo.1.> C6 :;..t t he ::clia.nce f i e l u . Y,:U CL ~ce:2c to :..:c c:o inc c:;ccll er. t r:ork , -:-li tr- e t en- decree dip. I ol"..all b e i..,l n.c. t o he~ froo you from t i me to tioe eo to :,ou:r c.:!.:-1c11. encco i n your ne;, J.JOC ition . Ver;1 oi n cerely your s, t.itl ith,al ~ li.uca: CiOHGE B, PRYDl . \. . �\ I 94,CRA I GHOU SE R OAD, MYRESIDE, ED I N BURGH, 10. /'1'-4,. j~- 3. ?7 oU ' u~ ?~ . ~ ~ / A< r-~-~~r / 7-'c...,_,._r--,. ~ G--t,.._~ , ~~d s .Ro~ 0.s--. ✓-l . h;,~. :Y ~ ~ ~ ~ -z;- A. o,r ~ y-cn--- cltrr,,,...A ~ r ~ I ~ eh~~ ~ ~ ~so tl~ ~~ . ~-:t~ -: -z.....c.. ~ 'Z-r.- ~ , ~~ . ~ ~ ~ --c;~ ;~ f---e/ ~ - ~ ~ of j;t~ f-<. - -c..r ~ ~ ~ cj4 ~~ ~r ?~ r--rs:s . ~ t.-i- ~7 �:; ~ a~ ~ ~.I-- . ~ {,.~ ~ c/ :f ~ ~ • tZ l-, Al~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~. - ~ ~ ~~~ ~ c-c-u ,I C-0 CJ 91'- ~() '-', ~ ~ ~ ~1-,..p ~ cr-o-c ~ /'-C..c, �,, . r-<.. . ~ C, ~ t') ~ ~ c:;:., ~"V ~ - I u:::;;:::;:.., r ~ �~ .?~ 4;z / ~ ~~ A.....: /'--7 ~ ~7 t,,;_--, ~ ~ • ~~d /4-,.< A-?-~ ~ -r /-1-c,, ;o/t) .J-c;~ 7 0-~ ~~­ zz Ar--4 ~ a.., C..-cz, /-~ ,L.,,. 7 ~ ~ '-' , "7 ~ D.-.ui-..., • �~ ~ 0"'1A- ~ ,/-l ~ "" ~ if ~ .4-..-i..-c. ~-- ·"1 ""-'~ " r? '-G., -4:. ~ ~ ~~--~ .s e;l ½~~~ .,~ o<~ l-o.---. ~ ' }·. ~ k rt I '-rt I\J y. /~ . .~a,: --t~ -- - ---- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~fa ~ s~ ~ C<..>-, ~ - - �:~:?. :1'~1. !' . t:a3·~~Ul:1 9 of: Crti i;l:nuse r.c el :.:-r- s tiC..:e, :Jfil nl:u:? c#, 10 ,.,. co tl e...-:c. . ., ~\7 C......... .. - ..;,A-..__ ,- , .. ,1 :> - •• '"c.· , ,..,, - :... "' \:,\,.I,, J'. ,,. ._..., - c'<· .J C) -..·o·,.,,. .,,..~~,1 \; --.., c7 ~ ~,1·~ei-e~tin5 l. ct~ex, i..01:.;,~~~:: •.. iili. -:;L_: ·~r.;:11so.ctior-'.:l o f ·:.:1e i:..tud~1t :::.;t Ao::oci.::.Uon, -;-:::::.oh :r. ::!l t i:-..;y· i:i :find int01·~ cstl:1c . \71 th regard to yom.' l'op ec, you get Iiluch c o::c :::orvicc ou t of your :i-o:9es tb.::.n \·1e c.o p pxob~bl y on accou.,t of cloeex inspection ~nd better uce . ~he only rc-,c I c c.n think of vbich e"Jcn a nrJ:-.:>.:>ldma tes t::i.e life cf your :O.'Oi,!CS, is at our ITo . 8 illne~- l'~ock Sp;i;-ir1:,;s. t."~ou-2; C ~ cc::- L-0, C l'ODG ,:-:r. ich ue tool: 0 f-I }u:cl lu!ulad ~cou.t r. ru.llion and c. hclf tons oi' coal. Eeizy of our ropes :--.m i'l'C.!:l :ZJO , 00 0 t.:i 400 , 000 , ,.ii ill. {00 ~OOO tono beinc a~out ~~ averaLe - V You ::re ~vine; c cood dc:i.l of e:{"_;_)e::-ienca C!.El t ·,:i:!.1 ba [I_ fine thi:1~; fo_· ~rot!. 1 ;.10 tc 1.: :_0.-t yet'. :::c:· rc[;,.aro.ine; tlle aC:,e'll~- That is one of the 1,cn~l·'..;ies of e..._e, tt1ct it -ou.J.c cc.~.i <.l:i.'ficult io1· clt e::i· -•~o:_lle to ::: ~::!.:..,t the::iselveo to ne\J Lit~tionn. A UC\, rl~ io eooin. in tho cca.l tlinin,.;, inclustT,i, "J. d~ of ·.:.u:rc r.ee::r...:i.ni ~-~:i:J. ,:n1 lnreer equi].X!lent. better canat,;cment, and ·i;hlG ouot be clone if" r..ro:fi to are to acc:::u.e to tL~ coa l 1.;lnic3 i~:.lt:r. t :;.~r . ~e c.tti tude of your ocn p o:r cou~cc, pl o.ces you in c. re. ti1c::- b ad ) Od tio=, i n2r:21.1.13h as ::::i~/ ru GC-3::-r..:.0 1: s y o"J. Ilie}lt ;"U?.l:e r:j.ll ::ieet ,;itll IilUC!l OlJ,!)O;}it'lon . •..::ilc r:ot all of t!...C t ::.1~:~~ :;-ou zc.".7 L.2 tl c Uni tcd. :::;tr.t~s c::.n ~a adaJ t cti. to :,our condi tio no i 11 Scotland, I a'::l sure ra:..:.ny o 5.' ~e thi n£;~ cc1 oc £.1 !0,Pte( t:> c.tnc..~ ta.;c , but, wi~~:t· yocr preae.'l t :!lnna.aement , not t'lu.ch of a _::-oercs=i ve n .:.tui-e c@ be ncco!'l~li ::::heli. I think the :7ii'c Coul CO~l)~Y' o ot2:f;;,', includ!nr:; ~r. Reiu. an<! .,.:r. :'.'.ci7aill, LO t L1Uch out of t.]1cir /.c.erican tri.:.>, w1u Aavc :rcclly cb nc u. lot o; ~ooti. ,. or:: oince they i, are out here . Bill I!eic. Dea;io to be dcin~ c. trer.ienG.ous lot of' uork in ::ia.f"ecy: uw I ar.1 mre i t \·;ill eTent..;all y bear reaul ts. unfcty c o=. no t be e.ccom1lliahcd It i.'.!lUct '!Je ru1 qlerceei va , continuc-:.za b. driftint:. alou"'. �2 cc::i?aign to ce-:; :::>a::s!ll t 1;. . -~ ·c.:t..:.:a:: E.2.::. i o on. ttle r l c;h·G trcc~r., r;iC. in a -;;~::;UA, o:.' ~--::.: ~:..::. ..... \::~:: ~~ ::2::>-r: secu1 is. . . ! -.:2.:= e:;·:c:i.:. .::.ec ~t- L.o ·.., ·:~h::i.t ~.1ou. ·.:Cl"c ll=:?ing a eb:-~~:::.:;a or ~~n. ::: •..n.o-,l~.::_i :.1::oba.bly thut the ol~o=- !len h.QC. C::.if i;c~\ c:....;s ::-_ou t:2._ t:inc c.nd not ~ct-..i.:-ncd 'irJ.t I ·:mo su:.·~ri ucd t o ::::~t1 ~roii. ·.10::c ~r".bl a to o'b tcin the younz c? con 2..1~c -'.:!'~ -t;::., -?~~. 7:: :.r:=.::, ,.;c !'!av e hE.d no c:.i="f::.cu2ty :.:.1 C.:ci :~ t-2i.:-.t. :r! ·::!le l:..·!Jt t bz'ce ye'.:l.l,c~ -:10 1":£:.ve hired c~ c.t on~ t :m-.:~ !Si c:? the yocr.:;e:r f:lGil, l ~Ge J.:; = b~::,s out o:f hiGil c c:.wol . : :1 !:. y e-.:...s:, t1l-::?y !:lG® t c ridavt ~e::ice'.!.. vca and b c ::oi:.:c c oou.. .. ~l'."k:1en. So her::: u c 11-".VG ::ol-:-~tl tho ln.bor ::_) l."'O !)'.!.c::i by ·;;::~iilins i1lese younger n en . .:e co:.nletc!l OU:'..' no\'JC!' 11l ~rr?; sa.tis::o..~·;;o:.!:'i lj•, o.m : clso ou.r tipple 2t Rol i£11ce.- I am.. ac:ad :1.nc you .:i. :.t:ic:izinc, t:.nder ::eJao.te cover, '.7hlc:l:l c i~eo you a \1ri teul.) o=" '?Joth . ·::e Ju:.:1 elco a l $~e ope~ation c.t StT_pei:iJ~ ..-..hl. ch uill hoi s·~ 5,000 tons va- dvy, putting i n l a.::cc pi·;; cars and loaC:i n_: cc.1.u:i.p1."1c:r·:., i.):;,.•ing:lne the c oQl ou.t t hrcu.,:!! a. 2 .eoO-i'oot roc!l: :::ilor1e r;i th the uaa of a belt c onveyoE J -:-:1th t ::u dti.v0::;, iih::.t io. e C:!"ive Gv~l'Y 1)250 :?cei . The coe.l m.11 ba dU!!.peci unCe:rground. ·:1e Y:ill c l Eo J'!l t u p a ne· : t:.J:)~.e, ine:. tu.11 nm·, l'cill'"on.d t:;:oaol~s, e tc. i.'ie had a very t.ood year, encl oux- -u:.~odu.ctio:2 fo= the ycer 193G uill be about 3,200,00J tons , e j out c normal ye:i~ fo:- i w . ! :mvo r>ley~cl col.:i:' ().ui te o. !>it ilrl. s y e... -::, :.nd e~joyeC i t t.,ra:aUy . 1!!'2 ntill :plcyin,z , o. □ tte r1e2.t har ha:; b2en e;:celleat u..:, t o the :.~ecant tine. I .z1 o.lco :aer1ding :•ou a coyy of a 11::(9el:' ";Jbich I rc::..d at c. ~eetinc of tl:.c Cbo~-~~ I!::.ul!Sc.o v..c-in.:; Co1.1_:i 31y 1 C otraf L O:'.lC time cc;o, ~ml U ~:'..!)C::.:' -:;Mc22. I x ec.<i nt the :DenTez.·, Colorado, riee ting c,. i' tl.12 :.J.r1c I!lopectors' Institu~e of /:!lc:·i.co., this l etter _i!li,)Or lo:t ~:;:- c.1:r.:.) ca.:1.,i1'!G 1n tea ri:.tional ::ifet.v 11e-:;Js. I ~ s·.irc you \1ill b2 interest~ iu tb~cc. I t~linl: ~he -)an3 ~: ihnt I ren.c1. to t 3.le Gooda.'"'UUl Co::r.:;,c.ny 1 o staff e.bcut tuo yen.re ~ -:, fi ta :rcu:r en. tuation . I !:o!,le you t:111 u:-i te me '.:be never you !'ind 1 t conTenimt, ao a.r.i c;lad to have y our letters . hope you nt~u your f:::nil§· klve o. !I::._.py c..na r :!"O sPc:ro;.1.,J lhm Y~ar. Cincercl;t yours. IJrl~ini,J :Slj!llt,a; GEORGF B. PRYDl I \ 0 �94, C RAIGHOUSE ROAD, MYRESIOE, EDINBURGH, 10. ---- 8 ~ . /V~ ~~ ~~. ? 7o,&i , &~~ ,,A--7/ ~ .fl ~ ~ ~ ....A--...e...a ~ c / ~ ~ / o=G, I , o/ ~ t,i:...,,- ~~ ,_,u ~ A.fo . 1 $,(:, �~ ~ ~ -- ~ ~ /4,..e,:::{ /,-. _d ~- .,,..., - ~ �~~ ,.--;7 7 . A.:n,--, V a...:. ~ ~ /41--, ~~ a_, ~ ~ ~ 1~ --r 7/-'7 ~ c : - ~ ~ / ~ /'z-b I . ~~. /'f7 -'7'.,<,. ~r)' -9-7 /'-?'/ ' ~ , ~ ,?-..c.....<,. t? ~ ~ ~ ~ & A~ ....F <. -z ; ~ - ~ p- Z::k ~ a., �~ I . ~ ~ ~7 7 ~ I , ~ A-~~ ~ ~ u/ ' ~ 7 ~ ~CA_ ~ r ~d-u.. - c~ u:;, ~ ~ ~s ~ ;'f- . '--'? ~ - . c_ a:; ::; CQ/l....-7 C~ ~ o-/ o/ c:;;; ~ µ · ~ ~ ~ ~ ' / / ~, ~ ~. ~ /I/ ~ -~ ~~ h-- - ~ ~~ �z:;:;_: / ~ /6-oc 07 ~~7 • ~ ~ ~ . / ~ ~ a.; ~ ~ . cz;;; ~ I ~ 1~ ~o-i-_o/ ~ ~ ?'-~ ~ ~k 0 ~ ~ 7 �/M. ~ -~ ~ ~ ~ r ~ rr ~ ~ / /-c. 4-,___, ~ .__, ~ z;; · ~ - &A>-e """. I ~ ~ /'~~ <;t;::;e; / ~ / Ar /° ~ ~ ,,-,__ -~ ? ~ ~ �(. ? ) ~ ~ jJ / ~ ~ v-/ /-i--b / ~ . c~ 1k, ~4-., / ~ , ~ ~ v.-J . ~ t?--7 / ~ ~'-7 -t, ~ ~ S-o~ /Lf,>,. ~~ ~ ~ A-;1'✓ ~~ ~ -c ~7 ~ ~ b ~ Mv--.. ~ t..-:> /\--?'~ ~ '--? ~ . ~ ~ ~~ 71- . ~ ~ ,, ., ~ ~ ~ . -e.,J- ~ •. ~ ~ ~ �~ ~ ~ u~ (;'.A t,v-<., ~ -. ~ ~p CCy ~t.-y~ --a:;_,_ ~/ ~ 6 Iµ--~~ N-7 7 o--i-...c.. ~. c--<.... -/4..v 0 ~ ~d ~ - �7 ~ ot-... ~ s ~ - 'J ~ ~ t.-Z ~ ~ v~ ~ ~ ~ A-1- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 7 ~ Cw - ~ <.... ~ zz., 7~ . '7 z:z;_ ~ 1-7._~ ~~~~ ~ ~s ~~ ~ ~ ,7 7 ,,_.,.,,_,, 7 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ ~ �(--tP } . ~ ~ ~0 ~ :JI . ~ E7~ ~ 7 ~ ~ u- E~A 0/1/~~~~ ~ 7o - ~ . ~~ -a- ~ ~ ~ a:;::;:,_, ~ -z; ~ ~ ~ -~ -t; ~ ~~ ~ 4-, ~ ~ u;• ~ �~ ~ ~ ~ .tL...: ~ ~ C<..-v-e,I ~ :J c;~ ~ 7 . . ~ 7~ ~ s<"9-r ?oc, ~ I 7~ ~ ~ ~ y~ ~ ~~ 'P~ ~ --/~ ~~- ~ ' - - ~ ~~ S'-i:-~ - - - ~ o/. ~ ~ ~ ------- •' .. ., ' r.4 .• ·~ \~?,Q , ~ " �Ill" . 7:"rl. F . lia.~terton 9(: Cr,dgr.:!>1.:..Ee l~o ::.t!. ~Jyi•etlc.e > ::ltlinb~.rccll, 10 Scotl and Ir. l ookiuc u p ::2:r f i l ,3, I :-.:i.:c. i t i ~ r.~ ~Y ?.:on th:) sinc e I rec ei ved a l etter from you~ I rea.lly :re0 1·et tlw.t I hav~ not 'i..T i t ten :;c::. ::;ooucr. I enjcye~ t h e boo1~ ::-0:: G3\r ii me c:.,re~tl:,•. It -r:-e.s: uri tt~1 i n real Sco tch fashion , and related of many pl aces t:i th r:::i '.!h I a::: :nc:re or less fa.."Jili .:.r . I '.::.P.f.lrcci eted .::t'.vi11c t 11e book and d esi re t o thank you f or sending i t to me. I an1 ~l ad to knou t hat yoH are keeping bv.sy and 2.re enjoyinc you:z- ·::oz-k . ! ~ su.z-e the 'l."i s it to the ··n i ted S tates mis h el:pful t o you. tt.i.at :,rc11 Busi ness io pickin g up here, e.ncl r:e ';Jill mi ne about three t"J.llicn t on :-.J thi'.:1 y cr:.:r. Cur nm-1 ti ppl e ::.t ~\e li -,r'i~ce i ;: parti all y compl eted , and y:e are ueing the rn.n oi mine put . Our l !:l'[.;e Ct':l"e -c.r e c?.1 ;:o i r.. 01,eration en c they 2:re a.,.rerad-DG about '1 . 2 tons of coal. One came out the othez- day loaded ctth 6 ton::: of' coal, but tha t ;;,as t oo .r.eaviJ , •• e !:nm:- tl:.ey 1-i. r c Loin~ t.o be a erea t hel p to uo i n reduci ne;, our 1.:osts. t:e r lso .i.JU t ~5::;. of these ccr:s in ::cr!!':e, . 1 ✓ '1'hc !_)0;·1er t:l rnt. i :: nce:ri nc; co::11:l etian . :i:t ic ccr2.:.1l c t el:,7 mo(i1ern n."1d up- tc-c.at~ . J,11 the fi~·e:;:ie:1 and o:pe1·ct0:::--s hn.ve to do i ~ to ...-;c.tn}::. t h ~ iustrumen 't bac.rC: c ~"!u:"'. ::::c e t h:: t coal end cir ~re bei nt; fed pro:pcrly c.nd that the m:iter in -~he boiler i s kep t at the £,:roper l evel. •.. e a:r-e u 0i n(:, ;;m.lvcs-ized fuel uid lik e 1 t v c r:, much . ::e .1>l an to open o. net7 Dine at SUPel' i or, pu t~ci ng in s.lr :mai' ts , i'crie end equir,me~t thi s yea~, a nd event:al ly plan to lu.vc o. l)roduct ion of 5 ,000 tons in t r:o 7-lion:r shii'tc , a l so putting i n u.. a l arger car there 1.: i th t he 42-i nch ge.uge, prob~bly brinci ng the cocl out of the nine •:ii t h a t·no t houoa.vz d foot conveyor bel t i nst ead of n hoi nt. Altogether, De h ~ve had & butrJ SUITne r . �2 I a.1:1 learnine to v l l\\ LOl f , und maldng a fai:rl y ~ood job of it, but n ill probably !.? c v01· :::;uuce a cl1aTJ1.i)ion, as I starte d too l ate in life. Eo\-,evci·, I c:1jo:y t:he gruii.e gx·eatl y , ::nu beliave I could ~l o.~· :::. fci rly _n.·eu~fl t2.ole BcmlC m. th you. ·,::m l c I coulci not eY.i)ect to beat yov. , 1 thln::t 1 colllc. r1c.ke you play to bea t me • .i. ho~e ;ror:. ':':' i l l ;;::d tG :2c ..;or_.1~ t i me , and •.: :il l ex.i:11.:l ~t to hea=e f ro~ you. \:i th kind personcl rer;~:rd~ and bea t rd. s hes, I am ~i ncc~cly yo~rs , \• . !•-~~ 2,6 ·, �'l i _ a I I J ,.-- c.- ,,., <. • .• _, ,, . ,... I . - (_., t, I / .: / 'V 7. ... ..-.:- '-<-. .-:-.:...._ I. , I I ·._. _,__. _..!,:.,.~ .. , #" ... - - - - .:e '/- _,___, I I ... .... ... , . ..... ( 'i ~"L --. . <' • - - /. / I ~ .-.. -;-- ,, r I ..-1 -- .,£'-:. ? ,, , -- • , :.t.....-} _,..:J,:~ ;~ (..,.~ , , , (_ # , - .., a .. t_,.A , I .. I .., . . /,_ ,. 2 1 / '/ £,'., I / ; ~ _ : ... . ~ '-T °;" I , I . ~I ,. ( ' /', L "., £ ,, .,,, I I t~- /4.. , -!"-.C :_., ~ .,,<, ~ t tl..,..,,,L. !UJ; .,,,_/ .. ✓ .. ,. I . '-- .,I J a_ /,---_, JI', ~- . , / // : • , .{_A r""• , .. .,. I ~ ,. :,""'y' ' / _.,.,._ - ✓-~ - /tr'_./ I <-~ ' - ,,-((,,,~ c_ �... ,II < -. - ... ·-- ,,. " ,. ' . '-- -- t ~ J ,( f// _.:. ,I - ..t • r . ~:- ..,,,-1~ . l • -·,,,- -/- .... (.. ~ - . -t·.~-,., . ✓ -., · ..... . -.. .L ·, ,--: ...:. ,4 ~::.,..-~.~- - \ I \; c ) /• ___,.,. .;, ::;.·:..-- I -- ,. ,, \. ..,.. _ - . ; I .:_✓. ,, / - -~ . ,..-<---- (· .I / --Cr_x . r' -/ t '"'• F ".. ·~ -,·,.... I "' - / Ir/ ... ., . ~ . :J? . . "!_ I ,, _., •I I,; .'I / ~ , ..-....v I • Ii , ,,• .- ·' '~- -: 7_l..-'(. _ r .-. ._,.. .. ,i , ,. . ;,. , - V I ,, ~~::.: z-- .. I -i #.,. -- .. .. ......__ ... -~1/ ,:.:• I ,. �l Craighouse Ro c:.d, ilyresi de, Edinburgh, 10 . 1st F eb. 1936 ur. Geo. B. Pryde, t ' \. ~. General Lanager The Union ::-acific Co al Co . P.ock S~1~n~ s, ~lyos ing . r.. •3 \M ' Dear Kr . Pryde, I must t h ank you for y our 1 etter of the 6th Janum:y . I am very glad that you find the boo1': of interest. The c..u.thor, Dr. Barnett, is ministe1· of our church in Edinbur gh and I lmo~ him very well. is a fine \'Xi ter. He laio,1s Seo tland thoroughly and I kne\'I from our conversations, and from the film ' of your recent Scottish visit, that you were interested in the Border Abbeys, so I took the opportunity of send ing y o ;,,. the small gift as mark of my appreciation of 2.ll your kir10.11es::: I am kept pretty busy these days. I a1n still assi sting the m2.na5:er of J:!:asthouses lane as Yrell as doing a few Si)ecial jobs i'or :;.Ir. ::ackay. At Easthouses 'Ile draw our coal u:9 an inclined haulage, 1600 yards long ui th an average gradient of 1 vertical to 2.3 horizontal, b·..1t slightly undulating, as i t follo\'/S the seam. 1'he haulage is by means of e.n endless over- ro p e; the ro!} e is l 5/8 11 diameter and the tubs are attached sin,?;].y by lashinL, chains . The speed of the haulage is 1 - 1-~- miles :i er hour and ,ue normally dra,., 90 tubs .:.)er hour. tu·os ~re ke}.)t evenly spaced . The T't1e actual ro p e has been in a ally s ervice for nearly 6 years now and ,.-,h en i t was ne,,er 100 - 105 tubs ".7ere drawa :per hour. T'ne ro~::, e is still in g ood condition and alithough t11e outer yfires show a fair amount of ,.-,ear it is seldom that a brolcen rlire is found. �2 A new mine has beei.J. d riven .,:ith a n even gradient end i t has been made 12 ft. r;ide x 1 0 ft. h t gh, girder eci. :1i t h s t ee l 1 arc:1es at 3 ft. cent:-es i:.nd lined ·.:itl1 concrete. give adc.itional coal drauin 6 c ;::12.city . This is to Th e p resent 1uestion under consideration is Y1heth e r 1.:w.i n rop e or endless ro p e h aul a g e r,ill be installed.. 1 l"J.1e c .::.~aci t y u e s ired is 1,00 0 tons in 7 hours and a double drav1 main rop e has been suggested \"I i th the . descending empty train help in~ to ·o- l ance the load . The p rese nt ga.lge is 2 ft. and tub ca;;1acity 1 ton, \ ! ith 10 cv1t . tare. have enclosed a blue ~rint of our l a test steel tub . I Th ese 2.re Y!lc..~w.factured in the colliery Y1orkshop s and a re v er y robu st a n d. service.•~bl e. :For the n en incline, ho,;,ever, a tub of a:Jpro1d m.ately <iouble t h e c ~::.,aci ty vJOul d probably be mo re desi r e.ble. I knon that :nu have some stee_;;, haul age inclines, especia lly at Hann a :inc. I ,;~one.er if you can give me a ny informa tio n a bout the life of ropes, maximum size of ropes used z.nd a verag e s y eecl of hc:..-.;.lag e and al so ~.hether you have hc1.d any ex:,.Jeri ence of running ascemlinG and descending trains at the same t i:.ne . As you have probably already heard., the vrag es question .11. as been settled for the p resent . In .:icotlancl ti'l.e 8/- minimum h~s been raised to 8/9° and boys under 18 g et 4{~ increase . T:t1e ~ic..lancis of 3ngland, \'rhere ::.,ractically a ll the coal is used in tne hon e r.1arkets, an increase of 1/- :i;ier shift has ·oeen r;i ven . ?racti cally all the lurte consumers h l!.ve agreed to pay 1/- per ton more for their coal. ·:.'ales, no rthumberland, ~1d ])u r;_1ai:.1, ·:rhi ch exvort u high prorJ01~tion of their coal have only ~iven 5° increase. �7 Reid. gave a v er y good lecture to the East of Scotl and liining Stua.ents on t ::.1.e Safe t ;y -:o rk th2.t t.>J.e Fife Coal Co . a r e o.oinb. The idea is graduall)r g:cou in g here noi7 and I am doin g my best to g et fueill interested h ere, a l tJ1ou gh i t tak es a lot of l)erseverance . I sat the exc:rnin a.tion for 1ay :C.Ii ne ~clana,ser's Certifica te at the end of lfovember , but, a ltho v.gll I got over 601& in the six subjects collectively, I failed to f;et the rJinimv.m v10:rk in SurveyinG, so have to 1·esit t hat one subjec t in li~ay agai n . I was, of course, rather annoyed. u ith r:1yse lf for not 6 et t i ng it, bec~1.·.sa it should not have given me any difficulty, but I m~a. e a mess of tile beginning of the pap er c:..11d. it put me q uite o ff . F..o\7ever, I am still within the age, so am not norrying . ·:.re had so:ne pretty severe \'leather tvm ,,:eek s a&;ci. ~le ha.a a heav.1 snowstorm ·,,hich upset thing s considerably , blocked a ll tile roads but one from Scotland. to England, blocked some railr12..ys and brought down t ele:phone -_, ires. collieries for one <iay at least. ~nd quite mild, Yii th It stopped mos t But the wea thei· is fine ae::;ain the usual abundance of r ain. T".ae a.ea th of King Geoi·ge has overshad.o·.-1ed mo s t of the country 1 s aff.airs during the l a st l.0 ciays. It has baen really surprising to see the impression that i t has made . It has sl10,:m ag;ain ho\"1 h i e;h the Royal Fa.mily is held in the estimation of the beneral public. As I knew you ,·,ill be interested I have sen t under se~arate cover an illustrated magazine showing a n'U:!lber of p i ctures of the l ying-in - state and. ta.e :funeral. I.:r . ::.iacka,y thanks you f'or kindly a skin 6 for him and semis you his re.sards . at Bo ck S::_)ri n f:..S . :?lease remember me to those 1;7hom I met �4 ':ii th kind.est rega:i.-ds t o :.Ir s . .Pr yde and yourself . Yours s incerely, ( sgd ) ·,ii l l i e.:n Ii' . I.:a sterton CO P Y I �DI!, Ct>o:l.t).lOUfl e Ro e.cl , llyt-o Di do . Edintmrc;h , 10. l ot v'Gb . 1 936 l!r . Geo. B. Pryde , Gen erul :.tanager The u nion ..:·c.cific Coal Co . Rock Cv rin.:;o , t,yoLtln(.;. Dear :11· . :i?r yde, I muct t itc.nk you i'o:: yov.::' lc·acr o:r tho 6 th J anut:Xy . I en v er1J Glud tht'..t you :i':Lml t l?.c boo~ oi !ntex-es t . u . . .t l : l o r , D r . . B a r . n e t t , i s l!lin:1. eiel' t:nd I knou l:lio v er y ,-;el l . 1 o u i'i ne vx i ter . o f ou:: c h u x - c h : i .n 'mo . Jd i n b u : i : - c ; h Ho !mouo :Jco t l c.nd t hor outllly e.-llcl I kncm from our convorsC!.tiono , a.11d from tho i'i l::l oi' your r ecen t Sco tti ah visi t , t li..'"lt you tmrc interes t ed in tha Border 1~1>'bey s, co I t ook the O.hll.lO 2.·t uni t y oi' ocn<li ne ;vol: the U:U.?11 1..,i ft a.a cerk o f my c.vprcci n tion o f e l l your kinc!ncoo to ;:ne l o.st y oa :r. I on k ept i.>rett y buay theme &yo . I cm. otil l o.ooi oiine the mo.no!;Cl' of ~aothouooo lli no a.a \1ell a o doi n~ n f er, o:.> cCic>.1 Jobe i'or !!r. lla.ol:ay. At :Cas tllouooo \·1e d r c . o our c oo.l up an inclined bv.ul E!5e, 1600 ycrdo long \:ith an a.vez-c.;_;o crruiient of l vert1 eel to 2. 3 horizon t al, but olight ly undul c. tine , uo i t f olloua the aeCl!l. The he.ul tlgo i o b y m~o o:l o.n endl eos ovei.· - rop o; tho ro :.,1 e io 1 5/ 8 11 cli CI!loter tnd tho t uba ere o.tt achod eincly by l aabinv cllc1no . Tho oveed of the lmul oce i o l - l 'fi• mil ea ~ er hour and. we nomo.ll.y drnn eo tube i'or hour . tube c.re k ept oTenly :Jpo.ced. T"uo 'lllo c.c t u.c.l ro_1e h Qa b oon in uail.y s eni co t or n early 6 yearo no\7 o.ud \/hen 1 t ,·;no n u\7er 100 - 106 tuba wore dru'WO :var hour. ~ c ror, e i c otill in c.ood conciitlon and. a ltboUch the outer w1reo ol:ot1 a. f t:.ir wount o f wear i t 1 o ccldoa the. t o. bro ken \'Jire i c f ound. �2 ... A nC\1 nine ha:a boa:.1 <l!'i vi:>~'.! YJ:l 'iih nn oven crndiont Gild 1 t h afl bean occlo 1 2 ft . \:ido :: l lJ i't. !1.iGho gi:stle:?ed \';i th ctool aroheo o t 3 rt . ceu trea nnc liuct! ·,.:i "6.11 cm1c.t •cte. t,ivo ed(itional coc l dS'o..\1ini3 c:..._,i,ci•i;;s,·. '1'!1:!. o i o to 'l.'t:.o pz•~f.:lent que s tion under conoidera"i:.:lon 1. o -;;"Ji'lD 'O C~ 120.!n ~01., 0 o:i-.· onclleos roDe haul age t·1il l ba instt..-J.led . The 01:1.:_.:::(d. ~~ (.orJ:!.~ed io 1 :000 ton s in. 7 have ene:Wocd. a. blue p:-eint oz ou.:t· l o.test oteel tub. '1'ilese c.ro ncnu.i'aotu:red in t l10 colliery t1ol·kot,.oy0 nod m:c ve-z,y m,tmot antl ncrvicec.ble . ?or tho n cm incline, ho\"1ev01~, a tub of t'!.!}p1·old.me1·te!y tlou'ble t ho c ::i.1-~ci ty \7ould :t,,ro batJly be more cicsix-nblo . I !mon tlm t you ho.ve sooo ~tee_p haul nge ir1olinc8 , ec.vcciu!ly e t Renno. ::.m ! \:onclor i f you c un e;i.vc me any inf o!'J.110.tion a.bout ·fue li:?o of :ropes, oo.:~iml.F.l oize of rovoo u::ed a nd a.vol'e:&0 si_1c:.i0d of llaiilt!ae encl eJ.oo d1othe1.• you hr:.:va hctl any c:{::_.> Cl'i ence o i' z-unnine; oeccnclinc; end dee,coodiuc; train □ :.~t the oanc -'G irm . Ac you have p:robt.-...bly ru.xcudy hae~. o the 1.n.i.cea que □ tion ha.a been eettleci f or tho 1xreee~t . In Gcotl:lr.tl. the 0/- oinimur.a huo been ruiscd to 8/9° and boy□ under 1 8 e;ct ~{-0 inc2.•cuoc. Ti:.e U1<llo.Bio of :iJ?1Lll cnd , t.:hore 1.1::0.cticulJ.y Ell the coal i o uaod 1n the ho:.le oa.rl:cto, Lltl 1·norao.oo of 1/- pa~ 1Jh~.xt 110.0 been cµ'Yen. ?recti co.Uy o.11 tho lcxc e cone:uoera h t.VO aerccd to pay 1/- per ton t10ro for their coal. ·::a.loo, !To~thW'i!berlund, c.nd D·: ..tr~ , 1J.hich e~,t)o1·t i... hil)l riror,ortion of their cool have only ctven 5° increacc. �... s Reid c;;o.ve o veFy cooc; l0c•im:?o ·(jc, the Eo,s'ti of Scotland IUnlng students on tlle :3n±'otJ \..o:::.·~: tho.t ·mo Fife Co al Co. ti.re doing , The idec. io E,Te.c.ltu?J.ly c::017inc b o4'0 non c11d I am. doing my beet to {;et U'ie:J intcrootctl h~z-e~ a lt.!1ouGh it tti:!:00 e.. l ot of 1>crscveranoe. I so.t the czr.aint..~iori :i.bz: rzy filn0 1.!c.no!..(3:i:' 0 s Cc:i:-tifica.to nt the end of 17ovembe:t.•, bat, :::l·G'.!iov..[ili ! cot ovez- 6011 in the oii: subjects oolleoti vely, I railed t o c.ct 'ihe minimum t1ozk in surveyint., , oo hcwe to :i:osit thnt one eubjoct in I.fo.y aes.in . l uas . of com·0e, rather trnnoyad -r1i th m.ysoli' :foi~ not t,eititlG i ·i:., becQ.uce i t 0hould not have given me aey d ii'f1ol!l ey, bu~~ I. m.c.dc a. m,rns of the bec;inning of tlle paper £md 1 t put mo qui to off. Eot1evcr, ! ai.i still \'li thin ihc age, so alil not r10X'r-yint;;. ::e bed some 1n:etty severe v1eath0r tno \-,reets a!,.:o. ·i:e ha6 u hea'V'J enorrnto~ 't7hich upeet things coniid.doi·ably, blo<lliod n.11 the roe.do but one f'roril Scot~nd to Finc;land, block0d com0 rail\';ays and broue;ht do~n t elephone \, ireo. colli0ric0 for one do.y at lcaot. :i: ~ stopped ooot Bu.t the ,-,ea.th.er i o i'iac c(;ain .mu. quite Ilild, Pith tho u euul abunclanee of 4'cl.n . '.ib.o c.eu.tll o'C lU.ne Gcorae hc.o overcl1~doDed mo ~t of the country•o c:f':.i:1..:t~a dur1n 0 ti:.e l aat 10 tlu.yo. reo.lly t'Ur!)rioinc to oee ~~o 1m1,reosion I t h!.'.s boon tlla.t 1 t h~o me.de. It has omt.n O.Lo.in ho\1 hioi the Royal !?c..mily i o held in the eotimution of the t,;enernl publ1 c. All I kn•w you uill be 1ntereoted I ho.ve sent under coi.)arate cover t!.11 illuotro.ted mcaazino ohot1i11c; o. nuober of l)i cturce of the lyine-in-otate and the fme1•o.l, ?.tr . llacko.v thanks you i'or kindly uakine for bin and acncle you hio reco.r<lc. a w ck .SrJ rin;,.s. Pleaee rczneraber ue to thooe ubom I met �l \"fi th kindoot ~oca:;:,clo t o Ez-o . P-zyt:J.c M d youroelf. You;;.•o oincc~cly~ OO l? Y �94, CRAIGHOUSE RoAD, MYRESIDE, EDINBURGH, 10. ~JL,. t.e-41 • 2?. ?7 o4 , n ,r, ~ /'-7'---r ~ ~ p ~ · ~ ~. ~ .. ,, , \ ( S/--'v~ 7~7 · ~ ~ ~ /'- 7 ·--r;i; ?=7 G at: ~ C -· ?7 • ?...,_ r4 z;;. ~ 7 ~ ""-- E~ . IA-~ . ~z:c. '7 ~ v7 /~ ~...,_g ~ /~ ~/ /~ ~ -.--:,I /-to4!.- ~ -'""? - r- ~~ ~ ~ -- ~/~ �9 4,CRAIGH OUS E R OAD, MYRES I DE , E DI N BU RGH, 10. ri- p~ ~ ~~ r 7~o?7 77 ~ /l7 z:;;:; ~ / ~~ 7 ,u- ~ ~~ ~~ r · ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~-z;_, a-., r-~ r / C/~ z;- ~ ~~J ~ ~ . ~ /4...-c. ~ �94,CRAIGHOU SE ROAD, MYRESIOE, EDINBURGH, 10. --~ ....., ~Q' h,,- . ~ ~ ~ ,:....-, ~~ ~ /4..-., ~ ~ ~ ~--- �94,CRAIGHOUSE R OA D, MYRESIDE , EDINBURGH, 10. ~ re,<-- ✓ ~ .A.r>.OU, / ~ ~ l') / / " . e,...(:X ~ c., ~ ,,&'"V ~ ~ k t--z,.._5 ~ a / / ~ ~ .,,...e.., ~ - /A--<- ~ ov:-~ C<A-~ 7 N,-., ~ ~ ~ 0,- c.,, ~ ~ a:::, 7.Zc_ r-~-~J-z;.__t /Ou.c,.r ~ .::1 ~ / z;:;:._,. /7 ~ �94,CRAIGHOUSE ROAD, MYRESIDE, EDINBURGH! 10. ~~ ~ ~'U ~ ~ h-? ~ , ~ So-z.c,....L '"""- e,L .... ,, ~ r £0 't::=!I:: ~ ~ /4...d 7 ,::..) -5?U;:f••·-~ ~ �~ ---------- v 94, C RAIGHOUSE R OAD , M YRESIDE , ED I NBURGH, 10. ,I ~ · r- . . . .__ ~ . %..... Ac...., ~ r ---?,......,... ~ ~ 1- ~--- -~ ---~ .f' ~ ,. -;) . ~ 1/z_. ~ -e,&.,.•ca • die. 0 ~ t-._.c.A.c..~ ~ • /-~ k.-,__. ..-b ~ ~ z--- 7 ~ c~ =- ~ ~--<. ~-/'-" �94,CRAIGHOUSE RoAO, MYRES IDE, c7) E DI NBURGH, 10. E~ 7 ' s-C.,<r·:r.e. • c1 / f ~ ' i 4~ ~ ?v~~ ~ t"-c::..cLt:-.,,._/'"s rr ~ 4 ~ • ? ~7 ~ ~ r~~ ~ I ~-;r.-ra;,___ ~ ~ ~ 1 7 a./ A J ~ ~ ~(1 / . , ~ a;. :tr~o.LJ/,i:;-r a,,, ~ ~ a;;....j ~~ o-,._, ~ 7 / ~ ~ /~7 ~,7~, 7 ~ /-<. ~_/- r~ .,._r t:;k-,'-"o/ ~ ~ ~ ~ -MA•~·<Ltt 7 J' ~~°7 / �1/ 94, CRAIGHOUSE ROAD, MYRES IDE, E01 N BURGH, 10. ~~ ~ ~ a..,- # ,~ ~ / c-~ , ~ * ~ ~ ~ ~ 7 ~ ~,; ~ / S' ~ ~ }Jr -../ ~ S ~. 9r ~ 77D•C._-; ..4- ~ e>~~•~· .,_L,,.,. 7 ~ · �94, CRAIGHOU SE ROAD, MYR ES IDE, ED I NBURGH, 10. t>/0-r~~ ~ ~ . _ . . . _ : - ~ -<....:._,q/ a-z..,... c;~ o/7 - c::, c;;:::z;- ~ ~ v.- ~ f; ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ / ~ ~ ~ ~7 r~ Ao- '--z- - ~ ~ A-~ . �-,,.. • 94 , Craigh ous e Ro ad , i:Iyr e si de , Edinburgh, 10. ls"G Jieb. 1 931 / llr. Geo. B. Pryde, General liannger The Union ? ecif ic Co a l Co . Ro ck Sp rine;e , Wyor.rl.nG. Dear I!r . P ryde, I must t hank you for your le~Gter of th e 6th J ~nv.ro.·y . I am very glad that y ou find the book of interest . The c.. llthor, Dr. Barnett, is ministex of oui• church in Edinburgh and I knou him very \'lel l . is a f'ine ,:riter, Re lrnom3 Seo tlQ'lcl t horouB.h lY and I kne·w from our conversations , and fxom the film of your recent Scottish visit, that you ucre in terested in t h e Border Abbeys, so I took the 011.vo rtwii ty of Gend i ne; you the Gma.11 t if't as mark of my appreciation of a ll your kindness to me le.st year. I am kep t pretty busy these days. I e.m ctill assisting the manager of Easthouses Mine ae well as doing a few s:p eci~l jobs i'or ur. llaokey. At Easthouses 'li/e drau our coal up ai-i inclined haulage, 1600 y a rd s long 1'I ith an averai;e &;radient of 1 vertical to 2.3 horizontal, but slightly undula ting , as it follous the seam. The haulage is by menns of c.'l.n endless over- rope; t h e ro!-' e is l 6/8 11 diameter and the t ubs are attached oingly by l a ehint; chtlna. The speed of the h nul age 1 s 1 - l {~ miles per bour ond we normally dra\7 90 tube per hour. tube are kep t evenly spaced. The The actual rop e h as been in o.aily service for nearly 6 yearo now and when 1 t ,;ms n er,er 100 - 105 tube were drawn per hour. The rope i s otill in good condl t1on and a lt.bough the outer wire a sbo\"J u f a ir amount of wear it i s seldom that a broken ,·,ire is found. �2 ..._ A new mine h as been dxiven with an even gradient and i t has been made 12 ft. \7i de x 10 ft. high . girdered with stee l arches at S ft. centres a nd li ned tli th concrete. give additional coal draui ng ca pa.ci ty. Thia is to The present question under consideration i s tlhethe:r raain rope or endless rope haulage uill be installed. The ca:?acity desired ia 1,000 tons in 7 hours and a double drau main rope has been suggested ,vi th the descending empty train helping to ·1:>o lance the load . The p resent gauge is 2 ft. and tub cap aci tor l. ton , with 10 cwt. tare. have enclosed a blue p rint of our latest steel tub. I These are manufactured in the colliery workshops and a re very robust and aervi ceabl e. For the new incline, however, a tub of a pproJd.mately double the oapaci ty ,1ould probably be more desirable. I lalo\7 that you have some steep haulage inclines, especially a t Hanna and I uonder if you can give me any information about the life of ropes, maximum size of ropes used and average speed of haulage and al so Yhether you have had any experience of running ascending and descending trains at the name time. As you have probably already heard, the uagee question has been settled for the present. In Scotland the 8/- minimum 0 has been ra.i sed to 8/9° and boys under 18 get 4½ increase. The Midlands of England, where practically a ll the coal i a used in the home markets, an increase of 1/- per ahift has been giTen. .Practically all the large con sumers h ave agreed to pay 1/- per ton more for their coal. Wales, Northumberland, and Durham, which export a high propartion of their coal have only g1 ven r,O increase. �- 3 Reid gave a v e r y good l ecture to the East of Scotland Mining Students on the Se.fety '\':ork the.t the Fif e Coal Co. a re doing. The idea i s craduall y g:ro1.7i ng h e re now a nd I am doing my best to g et th.em intereot ed here ) a lthough it t a kes a lot of perseverance. I sat the eJ{a.min a tion fo r my Mine llanae er' a Certificate at the end of 1fovember , but, a l t hou.gh I go ·t; over 60% in the s ix subj eats collectively , I f a iled t o get the minimum rIO:rk in SUrveyin~ , so h ave to 1·esit t h a t one subject in May again. I uas, of course, rather annoyed. ,1ith myself for not ge tting it, because it should not have given me any difficuJ.-cy, but I mc:.de a mess of the beginning of the p ap er and i t put me quite off . Hot7ever, I am still within the age, so am not \7orrying. ',"le had some pretty severe weather t uo u eeks ago . ITe had a heavy snowstorm uhioh upset things con s idera bly, blocked all the roe.de but one from Scotlan d -to Engla nd, blocked s ome railt1ays and brought do'\7n t elephone ,·:ires. collieries for one da y at least. I -':. stopped most But the wea ther is fine ngain and quite mild, nith the u sual. abundance of rain. The death of King George h a s overshadot1ed mo s t o:f the country's af'fui.re durin g the last 10 days. It has been really surprising to see the impression that 1 t has made. It has shown again hov, high the Royal Family 1 s held in the estimation of the general public. As I knew you uill be interested I have sent under separate cover en illustrated magazine aho\-,in g a number of pictures of the lying-in-state and the funeraJ.. Ur• llackay thanks you for kindly asking for him and sends you hie regards. at R> ck ~.[., ring s. Please remember me to those rrhom I met �Wi th kindest regards >Go Mrs. -Pryde and yourself. Yours sincerely, ( ogd) williamF. Masterton A. M. O. AUG 6 1936 COPY �ilr . r;,:i. l? . :'.!neri;ertoH 9(, C~cl[llom:ia Ro2.<2 :Sdi ll'bm.~ch, t co ilt!.."ltl I ·:;no vc-;zy nm:f.:, y:l cC?.o:::i1~ ·~o h~v0 your ou:t>d o:t Ch:i.'is~o cree~~.nu:: ·, ;i th ·i;ho hook cniitl.c<l "Uox-der By..tJcys, Lothiru1 Lo~e:1 . r, 1'. ::no-.7 '.!: ...:hell find a Bl'Cnt deal of ;yl enoure :tn l"Ct::!.dinc; it. i: o.i_..11>a.r·~:J,.cmlt~:dy irA .... 'GG1'Cotcd in Uol::o IJO A'b'bDy . ns I ·thouc,.ht i t \70.G tll~ r:~o st beautiful of ·G?.le x·tdno or ·tJ!.o old abocyo X co.tr ,~hi.le in s cotl£1.ncl. J. rtl ch ·~o ·:11~:'!k you ±'o:i:: :i'~:TlG::l°beri.ns nc a.t ·Udo time, ..·nc1 a~nurc ~rot~ it filces1'h u. t;"~ c~ -:; <::ccl to ca. i..'e lmvo h,w. c. c.;c.,orl :..Juey viui to:cc .:;±.i1~c Jou u ,):::·o oui i:el'c , i:hc ~·1 (H3i ree6nt one ueint. !:£:,~. JI. n. 'i tC.:~eil1.) oi' tile ?lie Coal Com~,;.:wiy . uho u. H~u •i; 1:;cr,Jclr~:~l d !:.\.,r ~; ~~:.:-c it:opet:t!ng our la:i.~ae L>i ·t ours a.nu l'i..oicitinu r;yc..·;;o:m.:; ~ :_H:..A~ticulz.rly - :".e ,,-me l oold.nG u.11 -~hu lc.:i:·c0 s loe t :dc J·:oiot □ c..l'\d Gl!i'.:. J ·i1oir.;tine:; il:l ~he co.e-;,o::i..'l'l v~~·-~ oi' thu Uni icu Stt:.tco . ! uncle~:.ri;._>1d ·~.1wy .1/tru. i:.c ait~t u h::..; Lhe.:.'t. e11cl equi:} it :.t:'oi· l a.1~ce :i.,,l'oduot:!.0~1. Botll he and. D:r , Heid \Tir.:it c d :.Jy :i.'u :t hm.· bci'o:!:0 ou·~ hc:~~{:1 Lml : ~t...1 L lc·~·~m: ;:..',;.•c.,_1 =~ i':'.'.thozyectcrday otc.'tinc :..1•. ricGoill end lli r.. r;ifo h:::.d ~Jini tou. t!1cy CC'~.10 hi .1 clnoe iii. c i·ctUl"il, tJidclJ. uc.~ti':) a Vv'2-.··y he._},:.);-;.· o~caolon i'or -::,y :r~th~1~. 'i'lien -..-ro had cooc vici toro fcon 1\u::1ti•C11ic Ql'H2. re-a Zealand r:ho ere 1ntorcotod in i11c r.1ec}::..ru.m:tion o:.f thci~ tlinco, co"J.O of then o:,_,cnc1ir,e co i:iu~h en t122co :1on tho in tl?e Uni tc<l :;ta:~os. I enjoy tlm co;.1icct.1 \ii i::J2 tee vco:;:llo ~~o::i t'•c !3ri ti ol~ I clcc cnu t.7-;.e Colon:i.cso be,.. cD.ueo v,c cJ.:;;:~yr; cct th~i:: vim'J~ :::o uell .1,0 c~.v:i.nc thc:.1 our om . The i.'leatllcr i □ cold juot no,;; , and no hn.vo h....tl conc1derable uno,1, bui the cir i □ bro.ci nG hero, co \Je O!ljoy it . Cll.riotrlt..c c.ncl l7c~1 ::·om.'o E.:!!'O over, mid uc lw:rn ot.!.rte<l out on t}•o ncr; y,;;c-r. ltl3U :10.0 a. i'oi::.'l:, cocH; :,,c-i~.:l· for uG ; we 1'11ncd in t.i.10 n 0i!)lborhoocl of 2,900,000 ton:.s, _o we c.ro ccttinc .;.:J.-atty clo ::o t o au:c s,ooo ,ooo touc1 annually avor::tee. �Q \:c :,!..:..'!l ._..oot: d~v-l. o~· :..'~ tlt1l-.'i11~; tl:.c .):..,cao,1t yoru: , incl u.di ~1c c.. lc.:..•c_;o c,C.;..:l.'l::1..vn 'i;o on1.• )O•..·c:-i..· !)1 :.:ITTt ::tt !:o~ ::t1::-ln:.,~.• n non otca:~ ·t.:'.:_1_,1c , l~rcc r>i\; ecz>o o.ntl "Joc.c:..~ni :.:c.ti,:,n o:,: -~!~Cr. (,:·.-~::..!.'}~ ::l:10:.; , and u~ny otllc:,;, thincs n c hcvo in o hld ~,:::!.c~ t:l!:!. ::.. ~ -:.::.i.i '0uoy du:ri115 ihc ontiro y~,u:: , ~nc.: J:::r-ti ct'.1 ::.:;,:J.,,- am"i:1,_ ·:..!'.C cm:ly pu:L·t or the y ca'!: , t .. ·.:e lU!V<.;J :1, (J. o-..,::.' .::.c::..o :::-~.:Jily '.20ilU :ro"s Ch:d.:::t::in.o ..:1c". tno <:e-:.t;J:!·~t::-:.: ~-,J:in ~o ~· ·:t•.; ::~::i.:.'tl: •.. :ltj1 ou;.• t;l'rn<l:::~n . , lbc1•·~.::. . ot:2 olL.:;s \j <:.c.~i;:_,J.l·i;o:.:~ lir;o~~ c.t Cody , \.yo1:1it1,So c.n d h~cl 0.. blG boy :fou:-:- ~ao:1 ~;!J.r.-i fl1Cl. .. cy I o~- 2.Gc.:l.!! ! ·.;o..o c:xcccdinGlY !.ll a~uccl to hca..~ :i'~o.:1 you 1 wi l1 r:1.12 b~ t.;:. ~·.\.. ·~0 Le~x i":tol..l yo;;. ..i.c:..~in •..: en CO!'l7cni cnt . :;: 1:'J. ;h :'c.. n i:ould ~~:l.t1clly :r:cnc.:!b£-r 1:10 to ·:l' .. ·:c.ckcy . : rim.:£·, ~::"Gene ·i,u !'OU ot.~: bas·~ r.'i c:-Jlec o:,: the c.e~::c!l , L.a(l. ~G~ :_,ou:,:- no:~tinnncJ. _J~oo})nri ty . Ur ll(ini. 1 S \gn.,d: GEORGf. 3. ?R':'Dl �pr J J - ·::1~z;.;~~~ 7 ~ , ~ , /~ u::,. ~ -- ?-'.,,...,:, ~ �v7 ~ - ~c/ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ A.. ~ ~ :7/' ~ .A...c----.-........ ~ --- o--;/ !}1~ r /4~ ~ - - ~ ~ ~~ ~ -.,/- . . ~~~~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ r--~ �THE,...LOTMIAK COAL C~ l~ "- - - - ~ ~ of' /~ / ~~ ~ 7 ~~ :fl ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ _/4:,.-~ ~2-,.,e/ ~ '-o/~ ~-- ~ ~ ~ s~7 ~ ~ 7/\77 . -.J �~ ~ - "S ~ ~ I <>-/ ~ J- ,_:, I -~ ~~ -z- /4-.-..c. ~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ 4 �·· -cr::Jt-- - - - - - - ~ - - ~ c : : .;;__fy·- --z;- 5 ~ c,~ ~ ~ ::7 ~ /4.---.,--c. . r ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~.,_{l, ~A,._,..,..q-,,_ ./4..-.,._ >~ ~ ~ Z--4 ~ ~ ~ �~ ~ ~ ~ V ~ .9 . -.r ~ . ~ r.;.:::..-0" ~ v,,..,,,, �TKE _LOTMIA• COAL C! L!' @ //c2tfa&'h~d"'cdt0. ""· .Tek_9,ums."NEWBATTLE,DALK61TH m: e/tZ~r4ddy// r/4:/u-£.anv. /41/7 -z:;:;- r ~ ~.> /?/~ ~~ ✓ 4 ~ 7. /\-1'~ :__ Ce.A,-~ - -I I I I �" 11r. Eungu :.:G!.cKcy, C-encz-.:...:1. L Dnabez- of t he !..o thitrn Cocl Cocycriy . 1JentOi'l{._,!'L..l'.l:_,G, ~.iicl oth! .:_n, Scoil&.nd , hc..G ~ant U G r.. brochure on ec1·l y mini,1...., o.;~::.' ""tionG o.t, the lJenbnttlc Collteries in ::1c11othiau, :3co ilo.no . .':'hie c:iopany is -the on e i.,ith r;k.lich Ur. ~;. F . :!asterton, o. rece:T~ Vi Bi-oor to om: p roperti es , i u connected. There a:re !lWlY ir-terec,t i nb thin~s in ihi is bookl et i·ege.rdinL eerly c oo.l □ini~ iu th::::t vicinity. It i e otitcd, ;,i'he Coalfield has been closely csGoci ~ted ni th the eccleoi a stica l 1 t..nd industrial hi story of Scotland . ITevibatil e Ailbcw \·;;:,s fotL~ded by :'.Javicl I. • the younc:;est son of Ualcolm Comimre &nc\ tho fa.>i n •a y z.,ueen ::argaret , for the Ci Gteroi on 01·d~r in 11'10 0 1· l14l . ·1 Some very interes tinr.:. hie::tozy ie given, m1d inte1·1:sti rJL recoras of the eo.rly coal mini nG o,.:>era tions, as inciico:ced b~r \J tl:e follo-vini;..: 1 ' Toe Charter of Seyer cte <:,uinci, l aixd o f T:nw1.en t, urawn up between 1210 and 121-.} , and f.l"[m tin e to the monl-:a oif !Jewbattle the rit:,ht• to uork coul and □ tone in t he ne i ght>ouxhoo<i o f Invereak, iu still extunt; and in Chalne!''~ 11 C~l eaoni.::.11 tlie re i a mention of a s till earlier cru:irter , dc.. tint, from lato in the prececiint::, century, in r1h1ch 'Jillian de Vetere.11onte ( 01.· t~11lclln:ic) extend ed to t Le Ho lyrood fraternity simila r I'~[Shts in r e speet of the \Test Lothian manor of. Carri.den . 11 The earliest -r:orkin~s were quarr ies, c..nd ,,hen \'..a'ter bee&.me troubleaome a qUE.rry we.a abandoned, end the mo.nks would etart 11 a better ole. 11 Ultimately the quarrieEJ eav e plnee t o rabbit-like warrenc -- coal-heui.)'.ls -- which were run in on the �2 for alms they. oi:)t.!ined pieces of they t.ent a.way content ed . 11 bl ack stene, a t'li th uhi cll SeE!!link,;lY , ·Uten, nearly 250 yea.x-:s a.i'ter the d i scovexy w~s made at lle\,ba.ttle, the o~ t put o1' C Olll was so oall :tha t a fter the relit.:,io us house:.; were sur1L)li ed . di1:.tribu.ted to t he poor . ~llortly after the d 3y~ of I iu.E II .• ho\1ever, p zogrese bec£,.-ne 1.:1ore decided. :1::lrc extensive ope:t"'ation D ,;;ere undertaken by the ITevibattle pionee:'!:.·s. ami in 1531 the I.boot of ITewbattl e found t hat his ou timt 't"Ja s so c;rcat thtd; he was abl e to ehi., conls to va:rioue pl~cec on the co~st. "At tlwt time . rutd f-0r lo ng t:.:ft~l'_, t h e chief po:rt in the east of Scotl~nd uas Achi son ' ij Haven u a l ~&e harbom: at .Prestonpena , o f u hich only the \7estern corne:a.., rene.ina, unt1exi te !!10dern name of llo r.rioon' e Ec.1.ven ; .and it v;us from Ac bi eon's Eaven tbn t /J.>bo t J limes opened up the coa l e.xyort trade four hunnred ye&rs ago. ?he coal \'Jae driven from the mi.nee to the harbour in carts, and shi9ped in wherries ~hich belonged ~o the monks. 11 After the Refor.n~tion of 1 560, the workint:> of the �• minerals of HenA>att.le t1e.t?; ·; ;~en t?..9 Toy the Lo t l lim1 f~mily, and ,;as continued r;ithout e o!'ecl: u::1·;:1..1 ].890 -- 330 lo n~ years A>~ wen the ninth !!arqueos of Loth :L::.:1~ t!.'1.a uistinew.shed ecbol~t·r . ' end politic!~. i;:ro.ntet!. o lea.oc '.;o 7.he !.oth i au Coal Company, Limited. In this Gc!J!?OOY the foiJ:.y retain a l arqe intex-est .. 11 It ie stated fu:_ t ~on s~m.25.;i ve recox-cls of mining in the parish are not .'.lV&iL::ble o t:lc olt!.est reco:rds in ·the ,t1r e1~ent atnte:::ent of' the out.9ut: 0 0utput for the \1eek tJ:th to 11 tr:. June 1'7Lltl , B:ryens ~•it, 665 loade. 666 loads, f:.t 't"7at;;ee of trielve men puttin1., out, t he e.bov0 l½ d . per loa<.1., ~4, 3s . 3d. {!:Tote: A lo ad _is weekly wage for t'- man uo.o thus about 7a., nrul the benre:cs appear to t...ave been paid by the men. 'I'hi s uou.ld be about 81 . '10 p er week .) By Robert \71l son, Coe.lc;rieve and Overseer or suiu uoAil u John Duncan, .Ar.:s istc1nt l:>el oo g1:ound " Alexander Younc, oi~ daye :£., 0 G 8 0 2 0 takinL oo~n atone~ 0 5 0 ..:.a;;.t Dyke 0 5 C, 0 4 2 0 3 3 0 l 10 n James Thomeon, six oays. at II Villiao Boberteon , five doys at -.net Dyke 'l'Ylo Bearers carryin~ Coal and " -,100 d from l!ast Dyke F our pounds Ccndl at. to ye .. aoov werk �By -:'o :re:llenti:>ned ~ \:- 2'.!.~Je :.:la1 for t:JOl: kinG 2.ua bc'-.!'i:-.ig of f o.r·e:ac.ic.\ 6 66 l o::.d c :.• -~ th!'C8 11c l f p en c c .tl ~ load J.. t:i 3 3 5 11 2 0 ? G bl l 2 0 0 4 4 6 5 18 <{\ 5 B ~ 11 Coa l s to yo :r....::.1il::, t 2'.1is u eek per UCOO:J.!! -:-. :Sy Sc.les: -- 666 l~HH1S z:,l c1 at ~d . .;.>-31' 1.o ad 13 loads Co ~l f 1v:n Ea.st Dyke ~ t -'.!:ci ezc'h lo~l 0 1:, Creditor :Bal ance b 11 't 3 :; \7e £re often p tone io believe t hn t ti,.e ::ii t. Com!J..i t~~ .:;e in coal mines i ~ a rather · x·ecent d evelo.vmeui, but the .:::eco!'.'d of tl".e pit committee. and its duties at t h e lieoQattle Co lli ei:-i es ciatee back to tbe early oayo of t he 1 .> t h cl;!ntu:ry . X t not onl y 'but al s o gave in ~e_a.t c:; tf:11 rules for !l e1'£ono.l condl!ct, as follows : n1et, It i,.; acried anongeot the □er1 tila t t!ll Desputs and controvrieo a ritiing in the .!ii t Sotoo ahall oe Decided by ~ men who shall be chosen E-6 cor::.'ilites, \-;hos Determination shall be finiel and bindint on all y4rtie0. "2nd, I t i ti a{:,xi. ed t.hll t every Bir er oho.11 kea1, her own Border or J..air . =,Jhoever elulll inchrocb on ther nebhou:r property, so ae rise all.}' deaturbnnce. the commities ehnll be �. be f inea of l s. fox- eZleJ:;,~ Gj:2.!J.:.,.:). eoi"l oi' ·mis kind not t o be forgivin. then thri.t has thel!l in morning 0.ust set tllem mw.y fo!' to aene t:.:e ~ ... ile: out -:.:hen t her ncbhour who n~ o behinc1 ~n t.he n o1·n:.nc ~ £,ets his co&l thl'ou~h the day he must get u~ his turne that h e \,w.a behind . curae £n~ ~we~r, ~nu call others vil e ano scantll~s reyxoLchf ull ru:.ne:::: without a c G:u e, the pei... son Go offendil'2g sb.o.11 i.>e fir1d of l s." etarlins fo r every offence of thi s kiild not to be fol:given . 11 6 th, J'J ld i f i t cun be y ::oven tho. t t ~1e i..1i t bo to□ nan doe not pay cue ettention to theae reclat:iorrn. 'throUt..,h fe"r oZ sume s.m thro~n f~vor to others, he i:.iliall be find of _ _ 13tarling ; ooci he 1 s not keep the ge..'l { gin horse) ~tabled Ul,lon c:ny acc ount . "7th, I .t 1 3 ::;c~ed tht.l.t i f a~.y collier o:r Bire r su,:11 Break &.I\Y of the above re:..lntiono, £nc. rise a deoturbancc to tba t Ciet_r1 e ·o f 11;.es iou tJ-,..c;. t t he :..if t tiler hand, t..nd iatrik tl1er nebhour with otl'.er hand, or :foot, or ~tick, or aton, or coal, or any oth1'r thinL tht,t CLn h ur t 01· et;;,ure one ono thcr, the �7 6 ~ercou so o ff ondi :1~ !:~:-1~. :_"-..;f 5 ~, of :::. : 'ins no t t o be forgi 'lv!a ;· LJll.., lc:..utly, :::...1 1 t.:_.,zc ::'i::10 ...; tc !J 3 l:l:i.' i 0c. i'::-on the c ocl. c;xcve o:, the cor::.1iti e :::: o '.'.~ ' '~:~L.t. tl.:.: ·;,~ off\~Bce i._; con"•ni ttatl ~ e:nc:. t o be keeJJt o!' the c::·!'em.1.n.__ _1~~:... -i:J 0n -~he!' J.W..y day . 1: ·:·; e .::re i ndseC: i ntl2!.>·.:c.i t o :1r. :.!a o.t<:.oy f ox hii: tnou,;;:1tfulne;;"il in senti i :JL u.: ~:;:. ..., J :'c~.:...u~ e u i t.J'.! th~ co:191 ffte in fo z-.:1c t ion re._,ardio~ ec.!·ly co c...1 ::1i ::1i:1...., Cl~er.:,;,.t.ioo :a a.t t h e .PX'O.i.)e rty of \7llic:t:t he ie Genert..l . ·c.u~sGI' . ��"Y1V ,.. - , >'V ~,..~ l I ~ ~- -::>.-. u--~ '-'·" _.,.. ~ ' ...,,.. / ~ ~ - . ' CA .."'..~'1 : ~.n...A ~ .- . ,(' - I ~ ( i\ f ll:Jl,V){WU • • . :l ~ / -I L( t . I ( ~ \. l ' t \ �.tgr i 1 22 , 1 9 35 \ Mungo UacKay, Eeq. The Lothian Coal Co . , Lt.cl . o He wba ttl e Collieri es Me\7tongran6e, ':'.!idlothie.n Scotlu na Uy dear U1 . UacKay:· It was i nd eed a plecsure to have you~ l etter o f the 3rd i nstant, and I kno r; tb t lir. Mas terton r.o uld r each home s~ turday , e;. mi no <.1oub t bnT; at 1 east hada p reliminary vi s it ,:i t h you·, tel l i n g you. o f i:;ome of his e.Y.J,Je ri enc ea in t h e Uni ted Stu te::::, s ome o f v.hi ch I hope will be he l pful to you . The coal ci tu a tion in the United Ste;tes i s s till i n r &tller di fficult straits . ila."ly bill s are in Congres s dealing \·; ith coal , eithe r ai rec t l y o r ino.i rectly . 'ln ere i e· the i'.'c:cner Labor Di spute s .Bill , ,:hi ch proposes to set up maclune r y for disputes i n &11 ina uetri es, includ i nb the c o~l i n· ~~~l ~c k 6 -h~ur day ~nd 30-ho ur u eek bill; tl1 llcGU:~ ~ 11 , v:hi ch t:oul d s eek t o d eclare coul ~ pu'b,lic.. u ; nd \·!hi c!l v;oula be very exven a i ve i n 1 t a admni t;1tra tion . I c.loubt if en~; o:' t h e se bill ~ will b e passec. thi ~ cession . ✓ Then ,;c huv c the lT. R. /L .At .?l'e.sent 'l.'!e are working under a n extension of our wage at..,reemen t until June 16th , a t ·,;lucll t ime 1 t i a C:i!1,>ected tlill. t the l&r ge opera tor s in the .:.~a et \7111 be i n o. po s i t io n to present o. v.orking uti,.r ecoent , but i t 1 s v ery d o ubtful that t l·..iz r.ill be done . It i s !Jrobabl e that tlle n.n . t- . \'J ill be :rc~nacted f o r a nothe r t\10 yeare , ,11th a nuob er of modi:ficc..tiono, a nd t hat our waGe a~r eement ~ ill be extended by t he N.R.A . for at least a nother y ear . I um .very t,lac.l, indeed , to h..ive the brochures . a m bave -r eat them wi t h a greo.t <leul o f i n terect. I ,.•as aurpris..ed t o kno w t hat.1 eve.n in t he c u rly d1;1ys of mini ng 1 rouna Newba ttl e tha t ~hey founo it nece ssary to h~~e a 1:it Committee , eo t bat the l:'i t Commi ttee , us we know it, 1 a not a recent _develo pme nt, as we s ometimes a r e inclined to be lieve . �I am sending Jrou. tuidex- B!~l,le.ra te cove1·, a re~r int of -articl es ~xitten by Th0 Union Pacific Coal Com1lany ' e stuff fo1.~ t he lii n i n& Con6 r eas J ournal , i n which you may be int ereot ed. ! i 6ives a very cl ear descri1.1tion of oui: 0pez-t:1tion ao and you may :find it interesting in your spare t ine . I am t-1 ad to knori t hat t h e coal business is picking up in Great Britai n o a nd hope it may do the United States. Go in You ms.yrest s.esured., i i:' 1 am in Scotland a &ain. I will not. lo ae the oppo.rtuni ~ o :f visitin g viith you . Please convey my best rego.rds to llr. M~s·te:rt o n and. say I congratul ate him upon getting_·a~e.y from the 11 Wild ':'/ est 11 "without any adventures . f;inoere ly yours, �THE LOTHIAN COAL Co., LTD. 'Tll.c0114MS-11 t,1EWBA'1'TLE. DA1..k£1TH 11 1 ." "Tn.DtHoNX-HOS. 111 1. 112: DALKEITH.. 3rd April 1935 0 Dear !il1' Pryde. I have to thank you for your letter of i3th ultimo , and also for your kindness to Masterton during his visit to Rock Springs. I take pleasure in hearing Olf his trave ls , and his impressions of the methods of working in the various Collieries he visits . He has had a wide experience of Mini ng in England, Scotland, and on the Continent, and that experience should be of great value to him in the ye1rs that lie before him. I am sure he will have seen .much to interest him in the mechanised mining practiced in America, - many of these methods and machines practically unknown here. I hope to have many interesting talks with him on his experiences when he returns home towards the end of thi e month. �I sent Masterton some booklets on Newbattle Collteriee which he wished to give to some of his friends, but as it is just probable he may have parted with the lot before he reached Rock Springs, I am sending two brochures by this llail. These brochures you may find interesting. The V1•1tors' Book was compiled for the ~1sit to Newbattle Colliery in 1932 of the Federated Institute of Mining Enginee: When you are visiting your native country again if you can find time, we will be glad to see you at Newbattle, and r can thank you personally for your kindness t , Masterton. The Coal Tmde baa been remrkably good for some months, but I am affaid slackness is now setting in. The unsettled state of Europe affects the shipping market. With kindest regards, Yours very sincerely, ~ - _ ~~ ~ ~ George B. Pryde Esq. Rock Springe, WYO. U .s.A. �// PRESENTED WITH THE COMPLIJfENTS OF THE COMPANY The Lothian Coan Company, Limited. Newbattle Colliery and its . .• Historic : • Associations THE PITHEAD 1933 �. A PI MAC I C ~ N ER I THE NEWBATTLE COLLIERIES of THE LOTHIAN COAL CO., Ltd. �A PIONEER MACHINE-MINING COLLIERY ReprintC'd from Articles prepared by Members of the Staff' of Mnvor & Coulson, Ltd. T he first Three of the Articles were published in the "M. & C. Machine Mining" ~laj!nzinc nod the other Three in "Colliery Engineering." THIS REPRINT WAS MADE BY MAVOR & COU LSON. L TO .. FOR PRESENTATION TO THE LOTHIAN COAL CO., LTD., IN ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF THE FACILITIES AFFORDED ANO THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THE PREPARATION OF THE ARTICLES. 1926 �A Pioneer MachineaMining C olliery. CONTENTS. N"o. rAGK I - Introductory, - 5 2-The Coal Field, 8 3- Transport-Hautage Roads, 13 ~Transport- Tubs, Rails and Haulages, 18 5-Cutting and Conveying-The Unit System, 25 6- Roof Control, - 35 3 �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Cnlliery as to methods and their technical results. We ourselves have had the privilege during many years of taking scores of Mining Engineers to Newbattle, often In groups, not only from nil over this country but from all over Europe and from countries beyond. Time after time, especially when we have had parties of foreign visitors closely following each other, enc e o f m :1ki1 mining men lm their h aving 1 • ideals and b :1" new light o n with which t their vis its f starting poinz., • at their own .: are now bea1·i n t ill'> P<'Ct lons . Many ran· 1cknowledged in ~ -cd with new reli.l 2 cl home with p r :::• tea l problems '1aY ;,,1d to deal ; ,;ew ·le were the .,cw hcie s adopted ?ie ric p olicies that fr ui u .. r esults. Newbnttle Collieries-Lady Victoria Pit-head, View facing the S creen. we have been ashamed to encroach further on the good nature of the Management by renewed requests for permission to visit, and not only have we never been refused, it was never hinted to us that we were overdoing it, and there never was the slightest wavering from the cordiality of the reception of our visitors. We are very glad to have the opportunity to acknowledge gratefully this remarkable-but not unique-experience, of the broad outlook and generous helpfulness of the pioneers in progressive mining methods. Our appreciation Is shared by all those who have enjoyed the privilege and profited by the educative experi- Only a few days ago one of the leading Mining Engineers in the North of England told the writer that, by his visit between two and three years ago to Newbattle and some other collieries in the North, he had gained so much new light on the possibilities of modern metl1ods, that bis whole outlook on his own mining problems had been changed. It is well that there should be some contemporary record of the methods and practice that have so widely and so beneficially influenced recent progress in the economic mining of coal. • There ls abundant matter of interest to communicate, and we shall endeavour to do justice to the oppor6 �A Pioneer Machine#Mining Colliery tuni t y kindly afforded to us by the C\."rnyaoy. !)e ~..ilcd reference to modern practice· may be preceded by brie.f reference to the ancient history of the Newbattle Collieries. An Historical Note • • . N e wbattle Collieries of the verbial, so the monastic coal began I. . -. Go a l Company lie in the to be loaded near Prestonpans on the r . • oi :Midlothian, eight miles Firth of Forth, largely in Dutch vessels, J. L- ~!: . o f Edinburgh in a bay returning in ballast after disposing . ..? ,.,.~thern U plands. The coal of their manufactures brought from ::;.·_.;: , .: . ;) o f ·which are at present the Continent. •. .-1:,_ n d; ;, -:.,1h e re of practical mining, In the sixteenth century the rate .. . ,· d s t n,,u tcd through the central of export had grown to threaten the t ,..::-..: o f tne Scottish Carboniferous national reserve to such an alarming L1,ncstonc Series. extent that stringent legislation beA s is frequently repeated in came necessary. The export of coal b ook s on coal which can spare a was prohibited because of • the dearth few pages to an historical survey, and scantiness of fewall ' which was a charter was granted in 1202 to arising, a .n d a second act was· soon the monks of Newbattle Abbey by passed to strengthen the first. It is to be remembered that until steam the Lord of the Manor, to open a coal quarry. This, the first known docupower allowed pumping to be effective ment bearing on the working of coal the only coal available was that which in Scotland, pi-actically marks the could be worked on the rise side of a beginning of Scottish Mining, while a drainage adit, or for very short distances to the dip. More than one such similar stage was not reached in England until a few years later. drift is still in existence ; for example The informal acquisition of coal, a long daylight adit which was driven a few lumps at a time, bad, however, about 150 years ago leaves the shaft been in progress for long before this of Lingerwood Colliery at a depth of date. In 1140, Newbattle Abbey was 38 fathoms, and falls at a grade sufficient to carry off water until it founded by King David I., and the reaches the surface of the hillside. monks were not long in discovering In 1544 the Abbey was burnt down the outcrops of coal, showing from by the Earl of Hertford, and the px-esent underneath the soil in the sides of house is modern. At the Reforstream gullies. Little excavations mation, however, the Abbot opporgradually gave place to quarries, and ttmely changed his religion and requarries to underground rabbit wartained possession of the estate. The rens as skill increased. The fields propex-ty has since remained in the on the hillside are still dotted with possession of the Lothian family, and the brick tops of ol d working shafts the working of the minerals continued from the shallow workings. Working in the.ir hands fox- 330 years. In from the outcrop still continues, for at 1890, a lease was granted to the one of the three collieries which form Lothian Coal Co., Ltd., which is a . the trinity of Newbattle the output is drawn to the surface up a mine in one fitting point at which to terminate of the seams. this brief sketch. Subsequent events, Concurrently with the gx-owth of which include the forging of an orcoal working an export trade deganisation, the growth of a system and veloped. Just as shipment from Tynethe building of a town, will be described in future issues. side increased, and the carrying of coal from Newcastle became pro7 �A Pioneer Machine~Mining Coiliery No. 2- The Coal Field tion the i n ·,nat' ,'l is variable in degree, n ot vnly ,;:, account of the structure of e fi,. I b ut due to small scale fluc t u::. •ns. f he seams on the extreme c :?:; clip :\S steeply as 30 degrees w esi,va r d, b ut as they are followe d t o 1:.e d ip t hey flatten out. No g eneral s ,:~terncnt of the dip can be made but Jt genera lly lies between l in 5 and l in 12 . The following gradients w e re m easured a l ong one face at successi ve quarterly surveys : 1 in 5.7, l in 8 , 1 in 3.2, 1 in 8, l in 5.7, but it is to be noted that this face was approaching a fault. The gradient may vary greatly along a short face, and reversal of dip has been encountered. The s haft section of the Lady Pit shows no fewer than 24 Edge Coal seams of over 12 inches, g iving a total thicknes s of 62 feet or coal in 625 feet of strata. Ivlost of these seams are, however, quite unworkable, and attention will be confined to seven seams totalling 24 feet of coal. Before describing underground operations, the leading charact eristics of each seam will be noted, dealing w ith them in ascending order. EWBATTLE Collieries stand close to the eastern edge of the Midlothian coal basin and 2½ miles north of a fault of large throw which practically forms the southern boundary of the coal field. The basin, which is a long trough about five miles wide running almost north and south, contains an upper series of coals in the centre of the depression, but as they are separated from the lower seams by over a thousand feet of strata, only the lower series is worked from Newbattle, the upper series being worked by different collieries. Owing to the steep dips encountered on the crops of these lower seams, they were· named the ' Edge Coals ', in contradistinction to the upper beds, which, being first met nearer the centre of the trough, were termed the 'Flat Coals.' In the steep workings at Niddrie, at the NorthWest corner of the field, the beds are in places inverted, being tilted past the vertica l position. Although given from a misconception of the structure or the basin, the names have remained. On the east of the coalfield the seams crop out, and the underlying limestones come to the surface. Further east the strata flatten and then bend the other way, forming the Roman Camp ridge which brings the underlying oil shales, so extensively mined in West Lothian, nearer to the surface. It was on this ridge at D'Arcy that an optimistic Government sank a bore hole over 1,800 feet deep, to tap the accumulations of oil which might just conceivably have been driven off from the oil shales, and have ascended along the ridge. The results were not Interesting economically. Although faults with throws of great amount occur, large areas exist in which faults are Insignificant or absent, and the field is not intruded by igneous rocks such as whln dykes. Although generally constant in dlrec- N A. The Parrot Seam The lowest seam, which consists of three different kinds of coal, is the most interesting from several aspects and it will be described in greater detail than the other seams. The bottom or • Diamond • layer consists of soft bright coal. The middle is a high grade variety of cannel coal, known in the Edinburgh district as • Parrot,' from the crackling noise which comes from some pieces when placed in the fire. The top stratum or •Jewel' coal is a hard free coal. The total thickness of coal is 2 ft 6 ins. to 3 ft. 6 ins. Formerly the three portions of the coal were filled out separately, and sold for different purposes. The Jewel coal fetched a high price for excellent house coal, while the Bottoms 8 �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery in thicknes s as to b e almost absent. Further north it becomes normally thinner, and three miles from the Lady Pit it is said to be only 1 inch ; 2 ½ miles in a lmost the opposite direction, the whole seam has been reduced to a total thickness of 4 inches . Beside thinning out, the Parrot portion may pass laterally into ordinary coal, or the top and bottom bounda ries of the Parrot may become indefinite. The following section, measured at the face, shows the type of variations which occur :Dull hard house coal, 8 ins. Cannel coal, 6 Bright coal, 2 Cannel coal containing thin ribs of bright coal near the base, 9 Soft bright coal, 8 Harder impure coal, 1 w e re a good g as coal ; the centrai l ayer· o r • P a rrot • was preserved carefully, for it w as in g reat demand for ~.:l!'\•.c,rl.s, i n t he d a ys when illumin :..··. C n(,wcr w as r equired in order to C •• •rig ht lig ht from an open gas j 1.;.. '.1 gas o bta ined from this ca nnel t- •. e1c1;l1.1 a hig h c ontent of certain l .., .. "::u .>ons was us ed to e nrich gas f ::T. o d1•.:!i" coa ls a nd give the re~l•isite 01li;h t flame. With the advent o, ti1e incn11d escent gas mantle, how- =•~ .. S HALE ~ .. I i-- -== .1 Thickness of seam, ...,0 - 2 ft. 10 ins. In view of the prevalent belief that cannel and other coals were formed under contra sted conditions, the interbedding of the two types with absence of dirt bands and local fluctuations in seam section present food for geological thought. Although all three components of the seam vary ,..-idely in thicknes s, the following s ection may be ta ken as representative :Jewel coal, 16 ins . Parrot coal, 8 ,. Bottom coal, 12 ,. The illustration shows a typical section of the worltiog. The cleat in the coal is not sufficiently developed to be of much importance or to affect the selection of line of face, which is commonly ' on the teeth.• As the cannel portion has less cleat than the rest of the seam, it tends to bind the whole together. The true roof consists of strong sandstone, but it ls separated from the coal by shale, which may be many feet thick or absent altogether. (The P a rrot Seam. ever, heating power has become the predominating feature required in town gas, for the mantle only r e quires heat to yield light, and the cannel is not in such request. A demand still exists, especially among the smaller gasworks, which is met by picking out the cannel on the tables at the surface. The larger pieces of Jewel are also picked out, for they are valued as a superior house coal. Not only has need for complete separation of the three portions disappeared, but such s eparation is no longer practicable, for the Parrot band is often broken up by bright bands and passes gradually into the rest of the seam. Moreover, while at Newbattle and at a neighbourlng colliery the Parrot portion runs from 6 inches to 11 inches thick, even inside this area it is liable to be so reduced 9 �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colli2ty control of a vm I·· le u·· 1cs s of tender shale subject ,. ·u s l . ,·m n overlying u nph for steel sands tone h a s ' •1 a t propping,, e s :, . . lly : Yi ew of the • of the floor. frequently yie!: .i m ~t .d soft coals The mixture c . 1ar f hindered the s. s s c. J;raper chain conveyors and le~ to tl1~ a rly adoption of shakers. Ac_i to m e ,on one other point, the soit ;·os i rio1) a vailable for holing, overla i n ;-y h :1::u c annel, has given compa r a:ive 1·c~'Jlrs be,twP.en bar and chain 1nacl1ines wluch show once more h ow much , .:sts upon correct choice of t yps: of cutting member. term shale is used in its· English sense ; in the Lothians shale means oil shale ; non-productive shale is usually termed blses.) The shale may be gritty and fairly hard, or soft and tender ; it often contains a band of B. Kail bl ades Seam This four foot seam is used as a steam coal. Although almost clean where worked, it is often mixed with partings of clay or. sands tone, and in the neighbourhood i t separates into two distinct seams. The immediate roof and floor are both shale. The Kailblades Seam. irregular iron ' bullets ' and a thin iron stone rib is usually present close to the top of coal. The strata above the coal up to and including the rib are locally known as the• bane.' Parting between the roof and coal is so bad that the two look as if soldered together ; the seam may be overlain by an inch of coal which sticks to the roof. Sometimes a shot is required every fathom along the face, with a 3 ft. 3 in. undercut, but elsewhere only a breaking-in shot ls needed. The floor is frequently shaley sandstone or bastard fireclay, but hard sandstone has also been met. A layer of impure coal up to 9 inches thick may appear between the seam and the floor but it may die away suddenly. The usual floor is undulating, and although it is abrasive on any picks which may touch it, it sometimes softens after exposure for a day or two. Ironstone balls are liable to occur in the floor ; the parting between the coal and the floor is usually good. The characteristics of this seam. have provided interesting, experience in many bran ches of mining. The Splint Seam. coal parts well from the roof b u t not so well from the floor . C. The Splint Seam The seam which has been worked to as great an extent as the Parrot is the Splint Coal. It varies in thickness from 3 ft. 9 ins. to over 5 ft., but it avera~es 4 ft. of excellent steam or house coal . Parts of the seam are of 10 �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery h tu:,1 c o;,1 which can be got jn large the seam proper the seam does not work so well, but an improvement is effected by lifting the immediate floor and the wild coal and throwing them into the goaf. To one used to such a seam as the Silkstone or the Barnsl ey Bed, difficulty in correlating seams over so small an area as 9 by 5 miles may appear surprising , but the difficulty is well shown by the Splint Seam. Not only is it known by different names in different pits, but the name has been given to many different seams . The Splint or • Bryan's Splint ' of Newbattle is thought to be the same as the Five-Foot Seam of four miles to the north, which in turn becomes known as the Jewel in another two miles. Two miles east of Newbattle the name ' Splint ' is given to the bottom third of the Kailblades Seam. At least seven different seams in the district are called the Splint Seam, and four are called Little Splnt 1>10 ,.kA. ·• ; _. i llus tration shows a repre,·c• ,:-: ,; section of the working. The h ._ <•I whic h gives the seam its !1;•r d e ::- than the main portion /0 , / ·-- _____.,......., S mithy S eam. of the seam, from which it parts much better than from the roof. The cleat is moderately well defined in this main portion of which the bottom 4 ins. may be a very bright band termed ' cherry ' coal from O to 4 ins. thick, used for holing when the seam was got by hand. The bottom part of the seam occasionally contains ironstone nodules at its top immediately under the cherry coal. The overlying roof is post, separated from the coal by a varying thickness of sandy shale with some carbonaceous shale (' parroty blaes ' ) at its base. These intermediate beds may take the form of 12 ft. of shale containing thin even courses of sandstone and small nodules of ironstone. In spite of variations in detail, the roof is constant in essential character and forms a fairly strong top to the working. The floor is variable and consists of fireclay or of sandstone from 3 ins. up to 4 ft. thick ; it is hard and even, and the coal parts well from it ; it lies· over 6 ins. of impure coal (' wild coal'} which rests on sandstone. When the wild coal is only a few inches below :-·~:-·:::<:•:;•.,•:.,....... -....,, SANDSTO;_.E:·:··-'·...~,.;,..;.,::··. ,:·:~---·- , ,~~"~~~~~~~~~~~ ,''>·'' :'- ,,...... , .. , .... ' ~~~'''' ~' ,~:~ . . . -~'' ~\'°~,~~~~~~~~ H~~..C?_ F~~~~NG 12 _,''~~~\,~\,,,~, ~~~~"' ''~''':.~~~..,,~~~..,,~ ,,,,~' ~ ..',' ~ ,''._, ..,,~,~~,~~ Co~onation Seaw. Seam, all being over 2 feet thick ; such variants as Corbie Splint, Big Splint and Little Splinty are not counted. The same repetition is found in a less degree with other descriptive names such as Jewel, Diamond, Rou~h and Great Seams. D. Smithy Coal This 2 ft. 3 in. seam of friable II �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Coll;ery steam coal is not being worked at the present time. The coal parts well ~rom the roof, which is sandstone with some shale. The floor is of the same mate rial. 1 F. Coronation Seam The Coronation is a 3 ft. 6 in. house coal of second quality, contain- D iamond SeaUI. ing a soft band in the centre. It is separated from the s andstone roof by a foot of • falling ' from which i t p a rts well. The floor is sandstone with a good parting. The seam contains pyrites and has a tendency to spontaneous combustion. Water from the s eam carries enough free sulphuric acid rapidly to corrode away iron pipes, and it has to be diluted with mine water from other seams before pumping, to prevent excessive wear on pumps and pipes. F. A n average over 5 fee t to e : : t thi s ection is gi n , . T h e ; oa l which is >der a tely soft a good steai n c. •l i s e specially b et·;- , l the :o m a in dirt ribs I a nd it h '.! ;•o p 1. o unced cleat. bs , ., ~h o cc ur, the Of s eve ral d ir two m ost c on, t a r~ :,o wn ; they run from 1 t <> •} inch . t hick. The top one m ay b e , , p r c ser,te,I by -1 inches of impure c ::r n,,e l (' ,·:lid parrot ' ) which a few mi:.;s ( u r t h .ir n o rth passes into 1 or 2 fee t oi canne l, fo r merly the most v alua b le p o rtio u o f the seam ; a third inco n s tan t band oftc-J a ppears between th em ; a ba nd o f cannel from 0 to 8 inches th ick m ay appear 12 inches from th e fl oor , but it is not of such fine quality a s tha t in t he Parrot Seam. The r oof, a h a rd sands to ne 20 to 30 feet thic k, is excessiv ely strong ; rolls from i t m a y e ncro a c h on the seam, a nd r e duce th e thickness of the coal by a s much a s 6 inches. The sands tone i s separated from the coal • Diamond Seam The Diamond, which lies from 4 to 18 feet below the Great Seam, is the finest house coal in the Lothians and has been worked in the past, but as it is only 1 ft. 9 ins. thick it is not being mined at present. The top 6 Inches being softer than and of inferior quality to the rest of the seam was used as a holing position. The coal parts well from both roof and floor, which are sandstone. Gr eat Seaw. by from nothing to a foot of shale ; the coal parts well from the roof. The floor is a variable layer of fairly soft • daugh • (coaly clay), with sandstone below. At times the coal parts badly from the floor, which may be uneven. G. The Great Seam The Great Seam, the top seam worked at Newbattle, ls from a little 12 �A Pioneer Machine~Mining Colliery No. 3-Transport-Haulage Roads O ', ~~ o f the most fundamental oJ •.!! mining problems is that of • n de rground transport, a fact w!1 , .•. • long been appreciated at X e . ;. t i t . Ove1· thirty years ago i t \ ,•, L-~ '>;;J not only that good roads \", ~-· , ,·,.,(Id investment but that they \ ,'~- .. .i ,·: 121 necessity for the future u. t ••• cJ!li ery, and a bold line was t nk... ,:1 sir.king much capital in fine h nu l.,i,e ways . In early days this policy was criticised on the ground of extravaga nce, for while the outputs handled were comparatively small, such roads appeared to impose an unnecessary cost per ton. They are, however, the foundation on which intensive machine-mining has been built a nd they have rendered possible the systematic extraction of large outputs from small areas ; present low costs of road maintenance, haulage and ventilation, vindicate past effort. Coal is at present brought about three miles to the pit bottom, and in the future the distance may be greatly extended. Pit Bottom.- The shaft which is 20 ft. in diameter and 1,650 ft. deep contains double-decked cages carrying four tubs on each deck. As the capacity of the tubs is one ton, eight tons of coal are raised per wind. Both decks are changed simultaneously by means of two drop-cages (see Fig. 1) close to the shaft. While the main cages are travelling in the shaft four full tubs are run on to an auxiliary cage which ls lowered under the control of a bralce, thereby raising the adjacent drop-cage in preparation for the next trip. Each drop-cage bas an upper deck which, when the cage is lowered, comes level with the pit bottom and serves as a bridge for loading the upper deck of the main cage. Empty tubs gravitate from the cage to creepers which raise the tubs to a bridge whence they can I I FULL SlOE 0 < a: 0 0 < 0 0: ► t:1 w .J .J ... :i "'iii:, 0 :x: .J < 0 OlRECTION OF TRAFFIC SHOWN THUS:• ~ Fig. I. 13 �A Pioneer Machine~Mining Colliery run to main haulage ropes. east, i.e. to t h~ r is e. From that pit •Although m a de ove r thirty years bottom , :i le Yc' c ross-t<1en s ure drift ago the Lady pit- bottom has not been cuts th e seams ...:• 1 of w hlr h is worked overs hadowed by the many fine sinkb y levels a n d d.l~ -o::i.ds. ings which have been completed since Haul age F.,-:i !:-.·.-T o :r:y one who that time. It consists of a single wis hes to s turiy Ii'- ~1 l'ms c· ·.::o f s upport arch of 20 feet span with a max imum in main roa d s , _ ~ PY Iv;, :ng ground height of 20 feet. Traffic from three lie s within h ai,>,-mile .::. , ius of the main arteries con~ ady ! .t bottom. verges to its upper ~oad .ii :1a ve been end, whence full c'lri\'en . ,1e ig htened tubs run to the or rcp::iired at cage by gravity. w i de l y different Haulage Lay.. dates, aoJ, in stone Out-The coal is urifts, ~oder varyworked to the dip. ing roofs . The reFrom the pit bots ult is a profus ion tom, which is beo f diffe r e nt styles low the level of the from nothing at all lowest coal, the to reinforced maParrot, c r o s s sonry, with the measure drifts conspicuous excepwere made to the tion of timbering various seams. As which was abanFig 2 shows, three doned long ago. main roads on Various combinareaching the Partions of stone. rot seam follow it brick, mortar and as dip roads. A steel were tried s e p a r ate stone more or less exmine leads to the perimentally, until Splint seam, while at the beginning or other seams are this century the reached by drifts advantages of steel branching off furarch girders with ther in-bye. The bricking were deapproximate daily monstrated, and output of each road that system was is marked on the adopted for new CROSS MEASURE DRIF'TS S HOWN THUS plan. and repair work. ROADS IN PARROT SEAM __ The main hauThe first plan Fig. 2. lages are endless tried (Fig. 3) was, ropes, three of which are driven by when tak.ing forward the second ripping a steam engine on the surface through in the main roadways, to erect a dry a band rope. Secondary main-andstone wall about 2 feet thick up the tail rope haulages extend to the face side of the road out of the ordinary but in places an intermediate haulage, rough material provided by the ripping usually main rope, is necessary. The shots. Along the top of this wall a haulage roads are intake air ways. longitudinal plank was laid to carry Coal from some of the upper girders p laced across the road to seams is won from Lingerwood Colsupport the roof. The stone walls liery, which lies half-a-mile to the did not stand well however and when = �A Pioneer Machine~Mining Colliery w e ig ht c ame on they bulged out. Use o f mortar b e tween the stones o verc?.me the weakness and made a so·on(: j o b ; specimens still standing testi•.1 co t h e a dequacy of the method w b e- .:-•r'!fully carried out. No com- 4 ft. 2 in. wide by 2 ft. deep and exposes a section of the wall The manhole is backed by a 9 in. wall of brick, doubtless added at a date sub sequent Fig . 3. - Dry Stone \Valls a nd S traig h t G irders. F ig . 5. -Brick Arch, 18-lb. Rails , Wooden S leep ers. plcte check could however be kept on the workmanship, and the men often applied only a facing of mortar leaving most of the 2 feet thickness dry. The result was that the wall burst out at these weak spots, as the previous type had done. A departure was now made from straight g irders, and a complete arch built of stone and mortar (F i g. 4). to the stone work. The impressions of wood shuttering are seen on the mortar, and near the top of the photo is a horizontal wooden crnsh-board built into the stone. Necessity for centring in building the arch caused expen se a nd made erection slow, but the chief trouble met was that, as before, the full thickness of stone was not mortared and where only a veneer of mortar was ~?G>' + ,l;Q . FIS H PLATE ~RUBBLE FILLING ... "" WOOD TO HOLD GIRDER CURING BRICKING ,,- 1,v,, - B RICKWORK 1i!,'~ ~~y~ ~ - . - ------:.:-::.-=--=---=--=---~----=-- ~----- - ---:.._~-:. - - F ig. 4.-Mortared St one Arch. The stone work was 2 feet thick and as Fig. 7 shows it lasts well. Some such arches have been standing for 20 to 25 years. The photo was taken in a dip road in the Parrot seam, where the coal bas been extracted longwall. The lower part of the wall bas received little mortar, but the top part has been strongly built. The manhole which is no longer required measures 5 ft. 8 in. high by ~tf/~ Fig . 6.-Steel Arch Girder with bricking, ro ft. wide by S ft. h igh, 35-lb. Rails, Steel Sleepers. applied the arch burst out. Brick archin g (Fig. 5 ) 18 inches t hick was subject to the same complaint. When carefully built it stood well, and some brick walls have been in existence for, as far as can be ascertained, nearly thirty years. However, jerry-building behind the front layer of bricks too often led to ex- �A Pioneer Machine-Mining CollicYy pensive repnirs, and the desirability 3 feet can be co:~1pte t c d b c ' o re starting was realised of having a roof support on the next sec t •~n . For~!l:l tion of an which could be inspected. The brickovercast is illust 1 on F •ct. 10, where ing was therefore 11 that J.s required reduced to 4½ in? co rn ,lc te an airches thick, and to ross l:., • is addimake the walls lional c r oss girstrong enough d ers a ., concrete steel arch girders 'i 11 i n L·, between were introduced t hem. (Fig. 6). G i rd ers are The H section wed ged i n position adopted was 5 inby wooden packing ches deep by 3 indriven b e tween the ches wide to allow girder and the bricking to fit besides to bold it tween the· flanges. steady until brickThe girders, which ing is built. Stone are normally is packed at the spaced every 3 feet, back of the brickwork as the brickare handled in two pieces and joined ing is raised. at the crown by Where the road is fish-plates when only temporary, girders may be left in place. Fig. 8 unbricked. Where gives a general a somewhat more view of a main Fig. 7.-Arcbed Roadway built of rough permanent job is return which was stuues and morta r, with manhole. desired bricking being enlarged. A is carried up length with the sides but 6 feet by 6 the arch not feet st e e 1 completed. girdersFor a road the size which is to used for last, full temporary brick archairwaysing is used. was giving Jfagirder place to the becomes usual size twisted and for main has to be rehaulage newed it is roads and sent to the main resurface to turns, nabe straightmely 10 feet ened and it wide by 8 is used over feet high in Fig, 8.-Enlarging Main Air Return. again. The the centre, bricks are made by the Company, inside measurements. Detail of the work is given in Fig. 9 from which it largely out of the Parrot second ripping, may be seen that a complete section of at the rate of over 9 ,.000 bricks per day. 16 �A Pioneer Machine--Mining Colliery tecting strata from the atmosphere. The C ompany's housing schemes are The arched form besides being provided from the same source. stronger than the rectangular involves Generally the steel arch girders are less stone work, for put in ! \ring the the corner s have ~econ<:! . 1 p p i n g not to be s q uared whicl• . , b out 50 off ; moreover its to 6C , ,s from ventilating resistthefac,•. T h e perance is low, for the 1no. n ent , , p p or t smoothness of the thercfo, w f::>llows bricking and the ren w eeks b ehind form of the road t11e face li ne in are both helpful. o rde r to allow for With a brick wall, settlement and to a long piece must prevent dis torting be built at one the girde rs. time, b ut when A great advansteel arches are tage of steel arch inserted every 3 girders is t11at they feet, no need exists can be erected and to brick more than bricked much 3 feet at one quicker than the time. earlier methods. In conclusion, Where 10 to 12 the opinion of the yards can be built Support of Workin a week with ings in Mines circle girders, only Fig; 9.-Brickiug Steel Arch Girders. Committee (Paper 6 yards could be No. 6 . . . • South secured with plain Wales Coal bricking. field,' p. 12) The higher may be speed comquoted:pensates for • Steel archhigher liniing t i al cost. affords the The system most effiis strong. cient methThe steel od of supgirders porting the which proroofs of vide the the main main suproads . . . .' port will The system bear a greatwhich has er weight as deal t so well arches than with many they coul d Fig. 10.-Crossing of Two Arclled Roads. conditions as straight besides the beams . The brick filling not only prevents the ' a ll but irresistlble roof weights of South Wales has proved itself a trusty servant steel from buckling sideways but exercises the important function of pro- , to the Lothian Coal Com pany. 17 �A Pioneer Machine~Mining Colliery • No. 4.- Transport- Tubs, Rails and Haula~es WING to the size of the royalty at Newbattle and the length of time during which it has been worked, efficient transport is a factor of even more than usual im- O ' haulages hav in g br,en d elc1·m ined, the output which cw, ~ t aken from one roa d dep ends o• •. H? car. ; h.y of the tubs . The far, Q" - r- g p <-· .':'f of the manag ement it; ,'tin g ! -~ e roads Fig. u.-Tub-Axle Lubrii:ator in use, portance. When these roads were being constructed a number of years ago, many wise heads were shaken at the supposed extravagance, for compared with the standard, or rather lack of standard of underground roadways in Scottish pits, they were a great advance and indeed they are still far ahead of the usual practice. The speed of the endless rope 1 allows large tubs to be used. The harvest from the foresight is now being reaped in large output flowing without interruption from each of the main roads. The Tubs. Formerly the tubs had a capacity of only 8 cwts., which was increased to 10 cwts., and later to the present 18 �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery '!:l..:e w h ich carri es 18 to 23 cwts. At t be t itn e; t he alteration was made 1· "' n u ,;-i;• .:! 1· of tubs taken in each .l. ·, of -·'~ c age h a d t o be reduced to t ~,. p r e: • a m ount of four tubs on .,.. -. , ot t •v decks . The wheels run ·,e on ·d axl e s ; to t a ke a dvantage :1e c:-' ·a t lubrication thus obtain!~ 01; •; cc te d throug h a jet which p res<.:'.¼J a ins t a n a perture in the ,1 tre o ile hub. Usually a hand :.yrin gc i. <;n,ployed , the lubricating beini;. done u nde rground, but at one o f the collie rie s of the g roup a n a ppar a t u s fixed to tl1e ground a longs i de the rails on the pit heap is u sed , a s s h o wn in Fig. 11. The reservoir is tille d with oil, which flows into the cy linder and the n ozzle is fixedly in v e rtica l alignment witil tile lubricating hole in the hub of the tub w·b eel. When the piston is forced forward by means of the band lever, a valve closes in the connection between the bottom end of tl1e res ervoir and the cylinder, so that oil i s forced into the wheel bearing, Oil which l eaks past tile piston is returned to tile res ervoir through tile small r eturn pipe on tile backward stroke of tile pis ton. In earlier times , in the days of the 10 cwt. tubs and haulage roads containing short radius curves (6 ft . or s o ) , it w as found tha t the buffers often interlocked and caused the sets to heel over. For this reason buffers were discarded and tlleir places taken by wooden fenders consisting of a strip of wood, 1½ in. thick, 4 in. wide, and the width of the tub in length, fixed in a horizontal position right across the ends of the tub. These strips of wood, being fixed at a definite height, acted to some extent as buffers, but preve.n ted the trouble due to the interlocking of tlle usual type of buffer on tlle sharp curves. When l ton tubs were introduced, the policy of no buffers remained, although larger curves of 12 ft. radius were made, so tllat the first large tubs were made without buffers, h aving only tlle w ooden fenders describe d a bove. They have given exc e llent s e rvice, but the bumping tlley r eceive whe n in u s e tends to damage the body of the tub and shorten its life. Als o the e nds of the tubs , coming directly togetller, abrade each oilier when rounding curves. To overcome these drawbacks, tlle bogie of the tub bas been redes igne d. The wooden longitudinal members are b eing replace d by steel cha nnels ; wroug ht-iron buffers (Fig. 12) w hich are rea dily detachable are slipped into the ends of tlle channels and held in position by two light bolts . The bolts, which are merely to hold the buffers , take none of tlle shock of impact, as near tlle end of tlle buffer a shoulder is formed, which bears directly a gainst the end of the longitudinal member to which tlle entire s hock is thus transmitted. The side a xle plates are riveted to tlle channels. The drawbars are fixed s o as to have a certain amount of flexibility. The drawbar proper, which is bolted to the tub bottom, has, at its inner end, beneath the tub, a stirrup and bolt. The bar to which tlle coupling links are attached is free to s lide a certain amount in two steel straps riveted to the tub bottom and has similarly a stirrup and bolt at its inner end . The two stirrups which are shown in Fig. 13 are joined by a single link. A still larger tub is projected ; this history of progressive increase of capacity of tlle tubs at Newbattle is instructive and significant and its lesson Fig. 12.-Sep arate W.I. should be Buffer. appreclated. At collieries now being sunk and equipped the intermediate stages of development as dictated by experience 19 �A Pioneer Machine~Mining Colliery at Newbattle should be avoided ; the seams will be worked with coalcutters or with conveyors or with both, the mining will be intensive and the economlc loading of coal ·outputs from small areas require tubs of much ordinary w o odi!n ty p e . A pnrt from the obvious o n e of p 1·a c t icnlly indefinite life they eno ble rhe rails t o be laid much more qui.-:-ly. Tl•e s leepers are threaded on C' · iic r a i!•;, w hich a re 12 ft. long, a n c: ,,:, a l~n .. ~., of com- F ig. 13.-Drawbar Attacl.11 ne 11 t . greater capacities than those now in general use. plete track is o btained w hich has merely to be plac ed o n th e floor. The rails are fis h-plate d a nd a wooden wedge is driven betw een their ends to facilitate re-laying s hould that be necessary. Steel sleepers render the track perfectly rigid. When it is required to take up lengths of track and re-lay them almost immediately, such as in the case where a roadway has heaved and a slight bottom ripping has to be taken, the 12 ft. length of track can be taken up, laid to one side and then relayed, remaining perfectly rigid and unaltered in shape throughout the operation. Where the coal is being Rail Tracks. When intensive mining came into use, it was realised that the existing 18 lb. per yard rails, 24 in. gauge, would prove inadequate. Whenever an opportunity presented itseU, such as the relaying or extension of a haulage, 24 lb. rails were laid instead of the lighter kind. The old system of dogging the rajls to ordinary wooden sleepers was, however, still adhered to. Upon the introduction of the 1 ton tubs, it was found that the tracks were unable to stand up to the addi- Fig. 14. - Details of Ste el Sleeper. tional stresses imposed upon them. ' The haulage system was entirely reconstructed with rails weighing 35 lb. to the yard, held together by steel s leepers. This system bas been found to give every satisfaction since it was installed three years ago. The steel sleepers shown in Fig. 14 have distinct advantages over the 20. filled directly into tubs running on a track laid along the face, when the face bas been stripped and it is required to move the track close up to it in readiness for the next stripping, the fish-plates are merely unbolted and the 12 ft. lengths of track manceuvred between the props and re-assembled without any fear that the track will �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery 1-~ve al•,.red in a ny way . ? c rh - r>s t h e greatest advantage of G., ::I s i,· ~r s , n e xt to that of long life, , . .:ie c I r a nt g auge of track obtaine d. ~• the ;; \ns described , wrecks on the :. u lag •• n ds have been practically eli..,,, lna l~l • a u importa nt factor in safety i-: the " ..1l'ying gauge of the track. A t .•,ns , slee pers of channel s teel, mad e J I th ree lengths, are u sed to main tain r i g idity of the turn. The n eces s ity ex perienced at Newb a ttle for prog r essive increases of r a il s ec tio n s , and for improvements in s lee p e rlng and other track d etails to meet the requirements of intens ive machine mining trans port, should not go unheeded. Main Haulages. The three main arteries are worked by endless rope haulages , the grea ter part being driven by a horizontal steam engine on the surface. A 12 ft. diameter 'C ' pulley on the cranks haft carries a 1 ~ in. plough s teel wire rope, which l s taken down t.h e shaft. This rope drives a • C ' pulley 12 ft. in diruneter, keyed on a sleeve which is again keyed on a horizontal s haft 10 in. diameter. Three rope pulleys, 8 ft. in diameter, are driven from the shaft through friction clutches operated by sUding collars. The shaft, which is 26 ft. long, is mounted with its axis 9 ft. from the floor of the pit bottom, here 20 ft. high to the crown of the arch, and the controls are operated from a raised bridge. Two lines of rails in connection with two· of the main haulages are thus enabled to pass under the bridge and band wheel shaft. The speed of the endless ropes is l¾ miles per hour, and the tubs are attached singly by screw clips. The greatest daily output drawn regularly from one haulage road is 500 tons, but so great a maq~in is allowed that twice this amount could be handled in seven hours. The haulage from the Dalhousie Dook may be taken as a typical example. This road leaves the pit bottom going to the full dip of the seam at l in 3, flattening gradually to 1 in 8. After a distance of 1,200 yards to the dip, where a down-throw fault of 100 yards was met with, the road turns to the left and coutinues straight for 2 ½ miles at a grade which decreases from 1 in 8 to l evel. This bend ' is the only one in the road. The haula ge i s worked in two portions, the steep part being driven from the band rope, and the long er portion by a 150 b.h.p. electric motor with a w a ter-resistance starter which is short-circuited after starting. Both empty and full tubs run from one rope to the other. In the main return air-way, mainand-tail haulages are used to convey the men to their working districts, the distance ranging from 11 to 2 ,t miles from the shaft. The men ride in sets of s pecially made s teel bogies, which have wooden seats placed across the direction of travel. A set comprises 14 bogies , each of which i s cons tructed to carry eight men. The rate of travel is about 6 miles per hour. Secondary Haulages. Usually output from s everal unit faces is brought along levels to one cros~ haulage which delivers to the main haulage ; for example, at the bottom of the Dalhousie Dook a singlerope haulage can drop sets of tubs from three levels to the endless haulage. The basic principle of the colliery is that short faces, following one another in echelon, deliver unvarying outputs of 100 to 200 tons daily each at one loading point. Each face carries forward only two roads--a permanent loading road at the bottom of the face and an air-course at the top end, the latter being cut off periodically and connection established to the haulage road of the next face. Each 21 �A Pioneer Machine~Mining Colliery level , which may be a mile or more in length, is served by a main-and-tail haulage. In order to reduce the width of the haulage engine, both motor and drums are arranged tandem. A belt filled and the othe r r c-n.d y t o b e filled. The left-side r a il o•· the • p Ji track, looking towa rds t'·· ·; fac,- reaches almost to the bru 1>1 ·- " . •:~-,~ rightside rail stops s h n:-,; , uder~ ea th the Fig. 15.-Main-and-Tail Return ,vi.lee!. gate-end loader, only allowing a length of track sufficient to accommodate two tubs underneath the loader. A steel flat sheet is laid between the ra.ils of the full track beneath the loader, and the empty track stops short at a flat sheet which is laid a longside. This sheet extends from the right-side rail of the fu ll track across to a point beyond the drive actuates an intermediate shaft on either side of which is one of the drums. The engine sits in the haulage road, to one side, a special enginehouse not being necessary. Sets of 12 to 15 tubs are run at 4 m.p.h. Loading Arrangements. Two tubs can be accommodated underneath the loader, one bein8 22 �A Pioneer Machine--Mining Colliery p osi.lio n w l\ ich would be occupied by the em p ty tra c-k . The tub being filled stav• s b cr co th the discharge end of the ,:,::d i:: ·,d an empty tub behind it loader and is ready for pushing up in its turn. The gate-end loader must be shifted daily and is drawn back to / [ ~'- ~ 0,Rtcr HRtJLA /~ ~...-;: ~ -~-,i< f'IILL 0/P \ "" .....4'.,,"' Fig. 16.-lay•out of Coal Faces. allow a top ripping to be shot down. Rails 3 ft., 6 ft., and 9 ft. in length are added to the tracks for this purpose until the full length of 12 ft. can waits to take it.s place. Another empty tub is taken from the siding and run on to the large flat sheet. When the tub is full it is pulled out, PoSITION Of 7118 8£//(6 fll£LO --·-· IV l------·-···-···· Fig. 17.-Arrangemeot of Rails and Flat Sheets under Loader. the empty tub behind it being pushed forward beneath the stream of coal. The second empty tub is slewed over the large plate on to the sheet between the full rails. It then drops into position on these rails underneath the be laid. The gauge of the loader track is 2 ft. 6 in., i.e., 6 in. greater than the ordinary track. Fig. 17 shows that one rail of the full track is used by the loader while the other rail for the 23 �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery loader extends from the edge of the large flat sheet to within a short distance of the conveyor. The return main-and-tail haulage wheel, when newly moved up to follow At a dista nce o f 3 C v a ;-•'s out-bye of the return wheel, • e s ~le track of the main-and-ta i• ~au h ~e branches into two tra ck~ ·- ox r to form sidings , one fo r ~ s e t 1f full tubs BLOCK I ,~,} ~-/,t~~;-NKl_li_r_ _ _ _ _ _ _"..:1½1\ -----====:::.ilL l/t:TURN·WH££L fOR 11ST HRUU/GE Fig. 18.-Load iug Road Arrange me nts. the face, is fixed from 6 to 8 yards from the l oader, and when the latter bas advanced 20 yards, the return wheel is moved up again. This means that with a 3 ft. undercut the return wheel is moved up about once a month. and one for the set of empties ; each set consists of 10 tubs. For every 40 yards advance of the face, the crossing is moved up to its distance of 30 yards from the return wheel , this being done, say, once every two months . 24 �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery No. 5-Cutting and Conveying-The Unit System T H E p olh _.., :i t Newbattle bas always i>een .:• ~u evement of the nearest :::p p r c .-:n to m aximum efficie nc. , :inu ~<l.et h ods that have been renck ··ed " o lete by progress in min il 1 pr.. ·ce a re rejected without -comv .. nctic The company was amo1.;; th ll·st to a ppreciate the p ossl.Ji liUcs o f intensive machine mini,.~ :m d i-1 re:ilise them in practice. This p olicy h as resulted in the elimin ation of unn ecessary operations a nd a couesponding s aving of time, in incre:ised production of a better conditioned coal, and in reduced costsall this h aving been effected with added safety to the worker. Seventy across every day in one shift. The stripping, pan shifting, etc., are arranged so that the face advances one complete cut per 24- hours. Each machine is responsible for its own face, the length of which is so arranged that it can be cut within the allotted time, leaving a margin for emergencies. With the unit system, every man knows the work to be done, the time required to do it, and its relations to the allied operations, with the result that when each item of labour bas bee n organised the unit practically runs itself. Such is not the case when 5HAKUI DHMNG • l i l RCTURM AIR RIJl/0 r5- 11 't J• Fig. 19.-Exawple of Single-face Unit at Newbattle. per cent. of the coal produced is machine-cut, and 100 per cent. is mechanica lly conveyed to the loading roads . Only when a new face is being made ready for a conveyor is the coal cast by band into tubs. The Unit System. At Newbattle the unit system of machine mining is in force. By the unit system is meant the system under which each coal-cutter is allotted a definitely specified task to be performed in a definite time and to be repeated regularly. Here the units are single-face units. Each longwall face bas its own cutter which cuts several machines are cutting a face several hundred yards long ; then each day presents a different problem, and it must be decided where coal is to be filled off, where men are to be placed, and many other points depending upon the condition in which the face h as been left at the end of the previous shift. With the unit system, once organisation has been made it has thereafter only to be m aintained on fixed lines. Coal-cutting. During the earlier stages certain sections in the Splint seam were worked with conveyors without the �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery use of coal-cutters. The work was quite satisfactory as the coal here requires little effort to loosen it from the face, but the introduction of coalcutters was found to effect an improvement not only by giving a larger daily output from each conveyor, but because ~ • cannel coal, p ier.:-;:,-: o f w hich were carried into the cu~ •HI IJe:" me wedged under t he jib , r, ·in ~ -~ upwards. With the bar typ , d 1e " '.:rage time of cutting 100 y ~ • ,; o t fr • ! . includln g picking and tu:-11 '':, is 4 J 'ho urs. The Splin t :: •~ G r e::.t S eams are .µ.......,..,.~t;;;;;i a 6 .. .. ..... . .... . (. r:1 ,·· ) . ..... Fig. 20.-Progress of Coal-Cutter along Face. of the uniformity of daily output. , The· more regular rate of advance of the faces was also conducive to better roof control. Coal-cutters were first used at Newbattle over 30 years ago. Neglecting more or less experimental machines, the first coal-cutters were of the disc type, but these early machines were extremely noisy, upkeep was a heavy charge, a nd they produced so much dust that the local men could not be persuaded to work them ; they were worked by Poles, but eventually these ' workers became scarce. The labour difficulty thus created led, early in 1905, to the adoption of Mavor & Coulson's bar coal-cutters, to which some of the same makers' c.b ain machines have been added. The Parrot seam is undercut at floor level ; as the floor ls usually too hard to cut, the cut is made in the coal, and the holings are filled out. More ' valuable hoHngs would be obtained with chain coal-cutters, but chain machines have not met with the same success as the bar type 1n this seam. Difficulty arose with the band of bard also cut in the coal at floor level. The l atter contains two or three variable dirt bands, however, one of which is sometimes 1.:ut out. The Coronation Seam contains a 4 in. band of inferior coal 17 in. from the floor, which the machine cuts out. The bottom coal. ,vbich parts easily from the floor, is filled out first, an occasional shot being fired to obtain conveniently sized pieces. The top coal bas to be shot down. ~ l Fig. 21.-Cleaner Bar. The Diamond Seam, when worked, is overcut ·in the top 6 in. of coal, which is softer and of inferior quality to the rest of the seam ; thus none of the remaining 15 in. of valuable house coal is wasted. Only two men are required to operate each cutter, one in front and �A Pioneer Machine,.Mining Colliery one behind ; it is considered advisable to c u t with t h e bar following, the m a c h ;i-cs b " \1~ turned at the ends of the fo:..<!S . ' i he first man drives, take s ,' .>wn · rops in the way of the m ac h ·, ~. ,1, 1 sets wooden 'stells,' or s t:, .. , wl, ., act as guides by bearinii " .- aga .,.~ the machine to lceep it ai :nst t &.! coal ; he also picks away .... ny • c r opped ' coal sticking to t h ..:i .1nor r,<?a r the face, which may h a ve ~ee n l .?1t by the strippers, so as again. He also cleans away holings from the root of the bar, to allow the machine to cut more freely. A cleaner b a r of the thin type (see Fig. 21 ) is used, which keeps the loose material against the cutter bar. The thread thus conveys the holings from under the cut to such an extent that the remainder of the holings are loos e and easy to withdraw. The straps are 4 ft. long, and as a 3 ft. 6 in. undercut is made, there is 0 .... . cur .... .. 1i • , ,.,W,1,,W '//,..;,'l(////1:"/((////1 (1'1'/,;'/Y(/P/1'}("////I,,: y u.- ('//✓"-"-';' .,.,,... • · -.., . -----.\ \ .. --- - ~\ j 611T£·EN0 LOlO[H / - ..j Fig. n. -Tnrning at Road-Head (1). to get a level floor for the machine, otherwise the skid would mount this • cropped ' coal and the cutting position would be raised. The stells are of two sizes. When a prop is to be taken down a shorter stell a (Fig. 20) is first knocked up under the strap with its lower end in a position to bear against the skid of the cutter, thus serving both as a roof support and a guide for the machine. The prop is then drawn. The longer stells b are set up between the shorter ones and are purely guides. The second man who follows the cutter draws up the cable, resets the props, takes down stells when they are no longer required, and passes them to the first man to be used always a 6 in. overlap. In many cases, where the nature of the roof will allow, the work of cutting is facilitated by the colliers, who, when they strip the face, set the row of props nearest the face at a distance of 3 ft. 9 in. from the coal. This forms a run which is wide enough for the cutter to pass along without it being necessary for the operators to knock down and reset the face props. Even where the condition of the roof does not altogether favour this method, the advantages can still be obtained by using straps 6 ft. long instead of 4 ft. and setting the face props 3 ft. 9 in. from the coal as before. The extra 2 ft. of strap projects towards the face and holds the roof to 1 ft. 9 in. from the coal. �A Pioneer Machine~Mining Colliery The generality of the pavements some form of t e1n n,1rnry s upport are hard and care needs to be taken to mus t be applied. A 1:1:!, L b m :lk about keep the picks in the coal, as contact 7 ft. long is placed .• .:inst rll e roof with rock blunts them very quickly. of the seam acros s t',, ~ noul<i • of the With blunt picks the machine drags road-head, s o th at < ,''? <'nd i • under and tends to come away from its work. the brea king-off str: .:,. The .n1ulk is Usually two sets of picks are required , held up by a p ro p n <'a~· .its ce,.hre, and for each cut. as the roof imme<l10tely covei-.:tg the To keep the haulage end leading, cutter is supporccl, o y th e c antilever the machine is turned in the gate-road thus formed, the _pro ps i n terfering when the end of the face is reached, with the turning of the mac hin e can the. (picks cutting • underhand,• i.e., now be removed . .... . Cur ··· ··~ 'I ..,.,,,_.,,,,,.,,.,,._,,.,.,,,,..,,,..,,..,,½., )' .,...... i i: i ( r - l ! N I TS o; 8/?USHING-- -7 \ o, Fig. 23.-Turuing at Road-Head (2). from beneath upwards as the bar revolves while cutting in one direction, and • overhand • during the other. • Some advantages of turning are that the leading man can regulate the speed· of travel by the cam-plate. Also a tidy end to the cut is obtained when , the face is finished off with the bar leading, as the cut is made right into 1 the corner. The method of turning is similar at either end. For example, in turning at the loading road the cut is continued until the cutter arrives nearly at the position shown in Fig. 22, when the end trough of the conveyor • Is removed. As turning the machine necessitates withdrawing the props supporting the roof at the road-head, The free end of the rope is taken from the side of the machine and hitched round a prop a few yards down the gate-road. The bar is slewed out of the cut, and the haulage end of the machine is dragged round with single rope. At the same time, the bar is slewed further round until it can be locked in position for cutting in the opposite direction to that in which the cut has just been made. The machine is now standing partly out into the gate-road. Advantage is taken of its position to change the picks in readiness for the ne:ll.'t run, and the fender is taken off. Five yards of coal still remain to be cut after the machi.n e has been turned. The free end of the rope is �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery of the coal. It has been said that passed l' nde1· the machine, led from 'tubs are the best form of conveyor,' the ge~i:--c n d -->Und the return wheel and that where the height of the seam which i. ">CCII l o n t h e face, and taken allows a track to be laid alongside the back t c '1e r .;l eev e of the machine. face and the coal filled directly into The h .a~c .·u m. i s set in motion tubs, there can be no case for conand t h cm Ing 5 yards of face are veyors. This has been abundantly cut w th~ •ar lea ding, the cutte r disproved at Newbattle and at many b e ing ectt .:,y s t ells XX in Fig. 23 . other collieries. When ~ m. >inc is c utting the main A greater output per man per length , the ..cc, with the bar followshift can be obtain ed by the use of ing, t i linca. r ate of c utting is about conveyors as the collier simply bas to 27 in. ;>er n in ute ; but for the l ast fill the coal on to a pan which is always 5 ynrd ., of fn r.c, when the b a r is le ad ing, near him, whereas, in the other case, a s l ower speed o f a bout 18 in. per he is also concerned with the conminute i s u s ed , as more care is retrolling of the tubs and the condition quire d in finis hing off the cut than in of the track. Also his bodily energy the ordina r y run. By this method is expended less efficiently when be of turning , a little coal is left uncut has to lift each shovel- full tub height. at one r oad - hea d each day . If des ired, Compared with the old method, where this coal coul d be cut by drawing back several gate-roads are carried by each the machine for a few feet after turning face and the coal needs to be cast along it and res etting the haulage to cut into the face perhaps several times before the corne r. Although this course only being loaded into the tubs, and in involves two extra settings of the seams where the tubs could not be haulage a nd tra velling a few feet taken al ong the face, the advantages of more, it is not considered worth while. substituting conveyors are apparent. The bar machines raise comIt is unnecessary to expand here paratively little dust. However, in on the special a dv antages of shaker the Dalhous ie district, which is hot conveyors wherever gravity is in a nd apt to be dusty, as a p r ecautionary favour of the load. The management measure, the coal-cutter operators of Newbattle were among the first in use electric lamps with the bulbholder fixed to the operator's cap and ' this country to recognise the advantages of the shaker type and were the accumulator on the belt. When among the first to adopt it. With the fully charged, these lamps will give exception of one section, shaker conlight for about 15 hours. All the other veyors are used exclusively. Chain classes of workmen in this district, conveyors are used in the excepted with the exception of the fireman or section on account of variation of indeputy, use naked lights. As an clination of the seam, although in the additional precai;tion against dust, light of recent improvements in the the return air road has in it a water shaker type it could now be used quite pipe from which water ls drawn in a well in that district also. Shakers bucket and splashed about the roadhead. can work both on the l evel and on small adverse gradients, but it is best Conveying, , to have a fall in their favour, when By the adoption of face conveying this can be arranged. Chain conthe number of gate-roads to be made veyors fall below the shakers in rate and maintained is much reduced, but of delivery, e.g., shakers were seen to the chief advantage of mechanical deliver one ton per minute with 24 in. conveying is the increased output per fully-loaded troughs down a slight face man and the improved condition favourable ~radlent, which is more �~ ~/ A Pioneer Machine~Mining C - Uiery than has been accomplished here by I chain type conveyors under similar l II conditions. The conveyors are shifted up in the ni~ht-shift after the faces have ' been cut. At the same time back props are withdrawn and face packs built. Five men do this work systematically, be~inning at the delivery end of the pans and working their way up to the top of the face. Before the work is commenced the condition of the face, pans and roof supports is as shown in Fig. 24a. The leading man travels up the face, knocking out the props from under the face ends of the straps immediately covering the conveyor pans (see Fig. 24b). This operation leaves in this line only the props under the face straps and facilitates the manipulation of the troughs. He also makes easier the work of the pan shifting in other ways, such as clearing away obstacles from the new run, readjusting inconveniently placed props, etc. He is followed by two pan-shifters proper. The leading man unscrews the bolts holding the pans together ; they both an:ange the cradles and rollers in their new positions and manceuvre the troughs through between the props, as in Fig. 24e, and place them in position in the new run ; and the follower rebolts the troughs together. The remaining two men follow, drawing the goaf props and buildinl,t the face packs. A pair of supports is always placed in line with the sides of the packs, which are built between two of these pairs, and the supports are then withdrawn (see Fig. 24d and el. The trough shifters do not draw the goaf props at the gate-road packs, as these packs ~re buil t by the rippers, who remove the goaf props here to suit their own needs. The troughs are 6 ft. long by 24 ln. wide, and are easy to manipulate without interferlnl,t with the pairs of face supports. The driving pan is ·:-..t."" ·.' ~ =- ~ ~ ~~· I I I I I I I I I I l- e~ c:::, :s JO ' �A Pioneer Machine--Mining Colliery 12 ft. Io n ~. A ,-,-,;le r and cradle support the trou •, 11in t: • e very 12 ft. \Vhe ~ th ,; t js an extra overlay of sha l e is t o break off immediately :1t 1'e • • o f goaf props, and, being s , i: t•.ns into the troughs. gate-end loader and to ease the filling from the bottom end of the face. The top road is only ripped to within a few feet of the pans, so as to leave the roof for fixing the quadrant of the driving gear. l Fig. 26.-Reluru Air Road 1.lruslliug. An extra row of props and straps is then left on the goaf side of the conveyor, as in Fig. 25. In each of the seams the face packs are built with stone from the roof, which falls between the packs almost immediately the back supports are removed. Rope drive is used for the shaker conveyors, the driving motor being placed in the top road. When the top road is to be ripped, the pan shifters move forward the pans roughly, to epable the rippers to make a s t art, and then begin their systematic work. As the pans are SCRAPER CHAIN DRIVING CHAIN ' \ ---------- CRADU NOTOH a SWITCH l?Olllii Fig. 27.-End of Chain Type Conveyor raised to deliver 011 to Gale-eud Loader. During the trough shifting and packing just described, the rippers are at work. The loading road is ripped 8 ft. high by 10 ft. wide every night, and the return air road at the top of the face is ripped 6 ft. high by 6 ft. wide every other night. The loading road is ripped to within about a yard of the face so as to take in the shifted towards the face the quadrant of the driving gear must, of course, be shiJted up with them and the driving rope paid out a corresponding amount. The quadrant rod is first fixed in the top road-head and the rope tightened nt the motor by means of a Sylvester, so that when the pans are pulled up 2 in. the arm of the 31 �A Pioneer Machin~Mining Colliery quadrant to which the rope is attached is parallel with the edge of the pans. The rope is then fixed at the motor and the Sylvester released. When the full length of the rope has been paid out the motor is moved forward. When a chain conveyor is used the driving motor is placed under the pans at the delivery end of the conveyor, as shown in Fig. 26. The return drum of the scraper chain is situated above the top road, two or three yards At N ewb;" :le a c o nvey or face was gra dua ll y :nc r c:iscd in l e ngth to find out what ,·. 1s the n ost s uitable length t o s t a n d ;1-,·tse . .. he leng th rea ched was 1-lS 1rd s ,. tt·o ughing 24 in. wide. b ut ~• tha t .:.~ th extra expens e w as e n tail J in n .. n ten a nce and more trouble w ~ net ,,ith in the course of working . lso, , .ith this l ength of . face it w ::. a di flt ·u lt matter to strip the face wi. 11 cen.iinry e very day, and the advan, z ~es o, , h e unit system of Fig. 28. -Shake r Conveyor D rh·ing G e ar. from the end of the face. In shifting up this type the chain is broken at both the delivery and tension e.n ds and the top chain is lifted off. The trays are disconnected and the bottom chain lifted out of the frames. The frames and trays are then roanreuvred between the props, and the whole reassembled. In laying out a conveyor face the limitation of the conveyor itself must be taken into consideration. If the conveyor be too long, too great a strain would be imposed upon the motor. It may also affect the rigidity of the pans and b uckling "'may take p l ace. working were therefore not fully obtained. The length of face was standardised, therefore, at 100 yards. Gate,.end Loaders. Gate-end loaders are used for elevating the coal from the tip end of the face conveyor into tubs. It is considered much better to elevate the coal by these machines, in. order to raise it above tub height, rather than to drive an expensive advance winning with a thick, inconvenient floor ripping. Without a gate-end loader such a winning is necessary if there is to be a steady stream of tubs under the �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery delivere d c oal . The purpose of a conveyor :s to c-·icct economic delivery during c~ c-h fl I mg s hift of a large quantity r~ co:> <l t one loading point. Any thin ~ wh· c h eck s d e livery of the con v, o r : .er feres with the efficiency of , he s tem. With prope rly pla nned .uxil .: ry h a ulages a n uninte rru p t J su,,ply of tubs is maintained, f\uJ the loader i s able to dea l w i U1 n CO<'Hinuous delivery from the c on cyor. T h e arrangement for quickly a n d easily c han g ing the tubs und er the loade r has been des cribed jn the p r evious article. The u s e of gate- end loaders or gate conve yo r s make it unnecessary to drag the tubs to the main haulage by pon.ies . There are no porn.es at Newbattle, a nd no man-handling of tra ms . Face conveyors deliver to gate-end loaders and the gate-roads have main-and-tail auxiliary haulages which t a ke the tubs direct from the loade rs to the main endless haulages. When using tubs of the s a me size, there is often a reduction of the a verage weight of coal per tub when conveyor filled compared with hand filled. The average weight of the conveyorfilled tub may be 15 per cent. less than that of the band-filled tub. The rate of filling is so great at a gate-end loader on the delivery end of a conveyor t hat the attendant has not time to trim each tub with as much care as can be exercised by the collier filling by hanci. With 1-ton tubs, however, the percentage loss is very much reduced. Also, the loss Jn average weight of tubs filled endwise, as at a gate-end loader, is less than with tubs filled sidewise directly undet· the tip end of a conveyor. The slight loss which remains need not interfere with the output of the colliery since a greater number of tubs per hour can be drawn. In some collieries mechanical loading increases the average weight, for roads can place no restriction upon the height to which big coal can be • 33 ~ I .,...: 't:I .s"' 't:I ~ ~ .,.,"' ~ ~ iJ... c., .....0 ... ~ .; t4 <( .. < I ...a, ~o li; �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery piled, whereas where trams h ave to be filled on the face or put through gate-roads, their capacity may be limited to lip-full. The loaders are provided with clutches which enable the delivery of the coal to be stopped without stopping the motor and the motor to be started Up light. When a gate-end loader is used arrangements at the loading point make for greater safety of the attendants than can usually be obtained in a conveyor-filling r oad, where the road space at tl1e tip end of tlle conveyor is often limited. On one face in the Coronation Seam equipment consisting of a line of electric lights a long the face has been experinlentally used, with success. Here the seam is 43 in. high. The curre n l ror th e face- lighting c ircuit is t n k <'n Cron, the 500 volt mains, a t r ..m fo nnc r s in1ated ben eath the g ' "'•"nd lo ~ver trans forming it dowr~ 5 0 v ol• . Each lamph older is a t -•.-d t o e nd of a rod of ~ in. i ro r ,11. lo• , -:\nd is held in p osition u 6 r r th e • , b y jamming the other c •I tht. _.d between a prop and r "J . 'l i :!.mpholders have each t\~ , u'!s , "' . ~t either side of the bul b , .- • .,re Ii, .• j t ogether by 10 ft. len~ , ~ o f c.~ , . ,¥hen tl1e conveyor i s l . i s h.:!, ._...: u p , the ends of the cables ~ - ~ disce rn:., , ~d from the lamps, which ..! l"i! rh e r, n :-.c d in a fresh position b y p rop s n carc :· the face, and the cables joined up into the plugs again. The whole circuit is thus moved up every time the face is stripped. 34 �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery No. 6-Roof Control W under a roof that is considered good often leads to accidents. Strong roofs at machine-cut faces are frequently damaged by irregular setting of props and irregular withdrawal of back timber, whereas the introduction of a definite system would probably avoid ·:u n s are worked intenwith longwall coal~ut. a nd conveyors, the str aiC m,:- , a dvancing at three or mor c t I • day, make systematic roo f l . . r n .!SSen ti al. Under most roofs . s y. m appropriate to the l' " :- -, JV(; Fig. 30.-Line of Break. This view in the goaf shows how the. roof breaks off parallel with the conveyor close behind the last row of props. this trouble. In this connection a finding of the Safety in Mines Research Board may be quoted :-' Indifference to timbering " good " roofs is responsible for many accidents that could be prevented, with the result that • • good " roofs prove to be as dangerous as "bad" roofs, if not more so.'t conditions can be evolved, which, when methodically applied, will run itself. The faces advance so rapidly that the roof is always new and it has not ti.me to deteriorate. Setting and withdrawal of timber by rule is preferable to leaving these operations to the individual miner's judgment, for the dangers that result from carelessness, oversight and mistakes in face timbering are then practically eliminated. Thls applies as much to good roofs as to bad ones, for the indifference of colliers working ------- - - - - - - -- t 'The Support of Underground Work• iugs iu South Wales Coalfield,' :M ines Department. Safoty iu i\'liues Research Board. Paper No. 6, 1925, page 9, para. 20. 35 �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery Either of two dis tinct methods of s epara t e d from i t b y a ny t hin g from a roof control may be ai m e d at. In one, few inc h es 10 sever a l fee t o f • bla e s • the roof settles gra dually a s a whole, or 'binds . ' \Vhen the post, which is bending down from the face on to the u s u a lly ver y :1ick, layl> o n its wei g ht, packs or floor in an unbroken s h eet. s uppo rt to I ~ exte nt l'.?q ui r e d for the (Some floors m a y heave r a pidly to met h o d of < ,,dua l ,,e.Lement w o uld meet the roof) . In the other method b e w e ll-nip• m possih"c T h e system the roof is broken off at r e gular intere mployed is , i n d u c,, line of brea k vals. In either cas e the object d esired b ehind t b e , weyor, . i k h relieves is to support that width of roof imthe roo f w e: .... T lL o o f between mediately above the machine and the the line of u, •.1k and t"c- . a c e i s supconveyor runs. With the method of " p orte d b y l · ·.,ps aud ..;r1·a ps which gradual settlement, the lowest measure prevent the r-oc k fr o,·.1 -,et tling and of the roof may, by lying on the coal l aying on its ,ve igh 1. T l•e c oal b e ing at one side of the run and the packs extracted quickly by :rr.::-chinery, the at the other, form a beam for s upportface advan ces w it h s u c h r a pidity ing the strata above. Lines of weaktha t th e r o o f s t r ata a r c r ea lly n ever Fig. 3 1. - Arra ngeme nt of St one Packs in n 3-ft. S cam. ness parallel to the face are apt to occur, howt ver, especially on machine cut faces, which may caus e the immediate roof stratum to bre ak off at the coal, if the overlying strata are heavy ; whereas if the roof is broken off parallel to the face behind the conveyor the weight is relieved. The method to be adopted must depend upon conditions such as the nature of roof and floor, the height of working, and the depth from the surface ; but experience is now available of application of the regular break system under such a variety of conditions, sometimes appa.rently unfavourable to it, that many mining men have come to the belief that the system may be applied very widely indeed. The seams at Newbattle are usually overlain by massive posts, either immediately above the coal or disturbed until the convey or has pas sed and the break takes pla ce. Wi t h s o much roof weight the fall in the g,oaf cannot b e allowed to take place freely, for the stra ta might become uncontrollable and the break take place at" the coal instead of behind the . breaking-off props. The roof is , therefore, cushioned on stone packs. ~ uCCC.$.$i'll'C. / _,,----------f~u,; •-• I I t \ ,,, ,---------~ .. : '\ I ,. ' / I ,/ .,,....-- - - -- - - - - ---... \I PACK l rmmt/ ',W Fig . 32.-Diagra m 11lustra ting R oof S et tlement. Packs, As shown in Fig. 31, which refers to a 3 ft. seam, intermediate packs are . 36 �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery built. T h ey s tendy the roof and confine the fa \ ~ to the spaces between them , ,ett' -ne nt probably taking place -; • , w n in Fig. 32. When work i • a ;im 30 yards above at a later a, ,. ~!Teets have been felt due to i r r c1l:.1 •.1bsicle nce. 1' In n g r oad and top road from its holding up too long and then coming down uncontrollably, its fall may be accelerated by omitting a pack. Great emphasis is laid upon proper building of the packs which form so important a factor in the system. A loosely-built pack which leaves a space below the roof is in- Fig . 33.-Steel Props. The coal has been filled off, and the line of props on the right has been set. The conveyor lies between the second aud third rows of props. The end of an intermediate stone pack is seen over the conveyor on tile left. effective. In building stone packs In the Great Seam, 5 ft. 6 in. to 7 ft. 6 in. thick at a depth of 1,200 ft., loose dirt is spread between each layer of stones, for the stone is massive sandstone and some binding material is required to act as cement. The pillars are 8 ft. wide and are built at intervals of 33 ft. along the face. Upon starting a new face in this seam, the pillars are first built at intervals of 24 ft. The distance is gradually increased until a point Is packs are 15 ft. wide, and built with stone from the ripping. The intermediate packs are 6 ft. wide, spaced at about 30 ft. apart, on a 100 yards face. They are built of stone drawn out of the goaf which has fallen from the roof (Fig. 30). While the position of the line of break is fixed by the row of breakingoff props, the break itself is controlled by the number and distance apart of the packs. If the roof does not break when required and danger arises 37 �A Pioneer Machine~Mining Colliery reached at which, when the props are withdrawn, the rock falls between the pillars. Sometimes the roof is so strong that there is difficulty in making it fall, and consequently packing material is not available at tJ1e face with which to build pillars. In that case tracks properly protected b y props and straps are laid back into projects 2 in . to 3 in . beyond the ends o f the tube . T h e woorl fi lling s tiffens and strengthe•,;, !he tube- n n d prevents it from bu<-' • :ind o-,,. p rojecting •h e s trata ends a c t a s r " • ..!.,f. b oat\· h en ·, , r ojecting a nd the t :. ends have .·ush cv n t o near - !nbe \\"OOd is the e d ~cs ,., r.!!--,. Cf' bo r e d out leces are <, r'ig. 34.-Specimen-. of Props after H ydraulic Compression Tests. the goaf and pieces of fallen roof are trammed into the face . Props. Several kinds of props were tried on the original conveyor face, including foreign timber 4 in . diameter and larch timber 8 in. to 9 in. diameter, but none were found satisfactory. Composite props were then tried, with such good results that they were introduced throughout the colliery. Since then there has not been a single instance of roof breaking over standing props. The composite prop is a weldless steel tube ftlled with wood which inserted. The life of these props is indefinitely long, because they can be withdrawn uninjured and reset. Hydraulic tests of resistance offered to compression by Norway larch and composite props were made by Mavor and Coulson, Ltd. The props in each case were 4 ft. long. The results were :4 in. diameter Norway prop broke at 10 tons. 8 in. diameter larch prop with bark stripped broke at SO-tons. 9 in. diameter larch prop with bark on bent at 60 tons . 4½ in. diameter composite prop began to bend at 80 tons. �A Pioneer Machine-Mining Colliery The se e x periments , the results of which a r c ::. hown in Fig . 34, make it eviden t th a~ '\ composite prop is s tront e~ 1h ,,r " la r c h prop of twice the diamett · , , "lo u g h little more than half it•· ,•·c· 1 -t. The actual weights are: 1 il, ,H lb.; composite prop, 56 lb . ~he u s s ive coars e rock post roo f o 1e ( n t S eam has no natural line c , >re,. ;m d being very strong it i s •u>le o g i ve trouble from its stre o (.,,, . '.', e n conveyors were fit-st tried , ., th is s cam it was found that woodc,-1 p rop,. , eve n of large diameter, we1·c 1,-,t. ,-tr o ng enough to control the roo f a nd the faces were continu ally clos ing . This has not happened sin ce the intro duc tion of the composite props, which are a ble to force the rock to break. The cost of composite props being much higher than wood props, their loss mus t be prevented as far as possi ble. Moreover, the daily break system of roof cont-rot makes 100 per cent. recovery of the ste el props important, for leaving in props would tend to keep the goaf from closing and to throw weight on to the face. With systematic propping of this kind a definite number of props is required for a face of given length, and the exact quantity can be supplied with a few spare ones for use in case of emergency ; the props are counted regularly, and if any are missing the person responsible for the loss is fined. Complete withdrawal of the props from the goaf is thus assured. The old forms of timber support often fail because the material used is either too weak originally or has deteriorated with time. Moisture, besides having a rotting effect upon the timber and thus shortening its life, a lso weakens its resistance to crushing. Although it is not easy to state definitely the life of a composite prop, many have b een in constant use for three years without having been repaired. The life depends principally upon the speed at which the 39 face advances and the length of time the props bear the weight of the roof before withdrawal. When allowed to stand too long the tubes being solidly filled do not buckle, but take a curved form. They are then sent to the surface to be straightened and used over again. Corrugated steel straps 5 in. broad are now systematically used on every face, to reduce the chance of s tones falling between the props. A wooden lid 5 in. square by 1 in. thick is placed between the prop and 1//, 1//, Fig. 35.- 1\lelhod of Culliug Out Escape Roads. the strap as a cushion to fill the corrugations, and to keep the prop from springin g . If the prop is short, the height is made up by wooden lids under the foot of the prop. On machine- cut faces having the usual 3 ft. 6 in. undercut, 4 ft. straps are used. The lines of props are set 3 ft. 6 in. apa.rt, the straps overlapping 6 in. and individual props in each line are spaced 4 ft. apart. For varying advances of faces which are not machine-cut, straps 5 ft. and 6 ft . long are supplied. (See Fig. 33.) The first conveyor section was started in 1911 in the Splint Seam, which is 4 ft. thick with a roof of 60 ft. of rock post. A face 100 yards l ong was opened out, but as gate- roads had previously been ripped 14 yards apart and the men had no conveyor experience, they felt nervous about t11e safety of the working. In order to give confidence, three escape roads were carried forward and stone packs, 8 ft. wide, were built 24 ft. apart a long the face. When the workmen had gained �~ ~ A Pioneer Machine--Mining Colliery confidence in the method, s lopes were putacrossas shown in Fig.35,and th~ three escape roads were reduced to two. Later the process was repeated so that only one central escape road was left. This, in tum, was cut off and the face was advanced with only two roads in all. The distance between the stone packs was gradually increased to the present 30 to 40 ft. The roof support system bas been entirely successful. Whereas under the old plan of 14 yard hand-got stepped faces, faces were perpetually closing, the 100 yard straight faces do not close. At the start of the 1921 coal strike the faces bad to be le.ft without any preparation, but not one closed during the strike nor did a single serious fall take place. The system bas proved itself to be applicable under the many different conditions, such as obtain in level seams and seams dipping at 1 in 3, under 60 ft. of sandstone or with an immediate roof of shale 6 ft. thick, and at depths up to 2,600 ft. The immunity from accidents due to falls of roof at the face has been the subject of special comments in the Reports of H.M. Inspectors of Mines. Organisation of Labour. Working of the unit system implies perfectly regular daily output from each unit, and, to achieve this, good organisation is essential. All the branches of face work, drilling and shot firing where necessary, filling out the coal, cutting, conveyor shifting, ripping roadways, timber drawing and packing, must be so organised that they are regularly completed within a given t im e - in. this case on ce every 24 hour s. The face advances w ith perfect regularity at t h e rate of a cut per day. The depth of cut is determined so that, t a kin g into cons iderati on the heigh~ of tbe coal , the face can be s t r ipped with certain ty in the require d time ; the usual depth of cut is 3 ft. 6 in. The coa.1 -cutter operators g o d o wn at 1-30 p.m., a nd each macl•;ne c»ts its allotted face from end co ~'lei. /,.t 9-30 p .m. the pan s hifters , the conveyor, build face p withdraw a ll back props. A , 1 s:.1 .~ time the rippers are at w o .. _n "'IC loading an d top roads builc:. . rt:l.d packs, setting up circular g ,-,rs t intervals of about 3 ft. in tl and shifting up the gate-en,: :>ac r . At 5-30 a .m. the s hift comm e .. -es :: ;r the strippers, who fill t h e co::l or:. t o the conveyor and drill, stem :.:.I'id nre their own coal shots as th ese zre required. They are followed oy the cutters at 1-30 p.m., and so the cycle of operations recommences and is carried out each day to the same time-table. Contractors tender the m anagement a price per ton for performing a ll the above-mentioned operations and delivering the coal to the o ut-bye end 1 of the loading road ; the contractors in their turn pay the various classes of labour employed in their particular section. Our grateful thanks arc due to the Lothian Coal Company for the facilities afforded for collecting the foregoing description, and for the constant assistance they h ave rendered through, out the work. �--- h ~ il . '.) , 19 35 llr. YI. F. liasterton Bristol Hotel 12~ -~est 48th Street 1T ew York Ci ty, J5 . Y . Dear Er. Nasterton: At the requei,ri; of :I1· . :1u:::-ray, I am forr,az·ding you prints of three !Jictu:res tali.:cm here, which came out very we ll. The r,ictu:?c eho v.:in~ the Springfield -Contest banner is · ve:ry 5 ood, but t h o bac1q~round i s not eo II hot. 11 I t1as glad , indeed, that you had a go o<;:! time. I had the letter from you recen tJ.y, e:.nci kn.or: thcr t you . must h&ve hud a very enjoyable time in Cansda . . 1 hope tha t you liJ{ed the Butte mines, a.nu that y ou \'Jez-e abl e to see either a r. Russe ll ox :Jr. '.'/hi te. I had a. letter from llr . Heid ye stertlay, und h e advises :ilo he h a s three Duckbills -;-Jerking . Ii hne not taken him lon e to ndop t some cf the Amer ican 9 r-.a.cti ces. ! am very pleased, indeed , to hea:..· tha ·t. / I hope that you Yd.11 h ave u l)lens:i.nt visit, c:na that you -oill think of your :friends in Ame!'icl:!. 11.rurn .YO U get back to·yol.ll' home ugain. Ho doubt you w~ll be anxious .to see your rel~tives a~ain ufter sucb a lo ng absence. \'le are having considerable sno-...·1 nov,, ID methin8 \'Jhicb we need greatly 1n this country, ec we rat.he r :rejoice at its cominc. Be sure to remember me to both llr . Reid find ~,I:r. Leek when you return to the home lane!, if you :Jee them, ae well ae Ur . John ilavor. If, at any time, you desire to write for info.xm ati on , please feel free to do so. I am i:end ing you co1>Y of our Employee' liagazine, \"Ji th the \',rite-up of your vi ei t, una your picture. Very sincerely yours, Orl,rloa.l s1,rma: GEORGt E. rRYDl �- -- -I 1 _J ���S:/ •. rl~ ~ c~ 3'o C / ~ J:.r. ~ ./ ~ - :2 '7 ~ a,.. ~ () • • z::: -/ / v ~ C-,'\,_ \.. �c.z) ~ ~~ ~~ CAY!~ Ar-~ 7 ~~~? r;,,-vd ~ ~ . a-.,,.JX ~ ,,, , , . . ~ ~ ~ ~ - �.fl ~ · ~ ,;-- ~ r r✓ ----- ~.,._, /Jr/~ -a;.~ �5/-----.::T° ~ ~C-:::, ..,.c~-- ~~ ~ ~ - ~.,...._, -7 /~~ :;7 -e..... G-C~ ~ . ~ / o ~~ / ~ • 7 -d; /V~.-..j �/3~ 3/~ . cf ~~ ?&/ ;~ :JI ~ c~ '1,,-~ </4- c.uu:zc/ 5 ~ ;/,v:...c/ ~~ :7-~-o' ,,,,,{; ,eL../ v/ :J /4.o. ,--( A~ ~ a::;, p.e~ 5~~ ~~ <;;91, . o/ a r--A:rc:. ~--P v~ ~ &- "- ,A----. 7~ 7 '>'k,._L.,,( 'S 0'""0-t- ~ ? �7/ w-<.. /V7 ~~ :J ~..........a...; l'/4-,:.. ~ c-k" .:a-~ / ~ --~ ~ ,,~ ...... ~ -z;- S ~ <! c ¢ • / ~~ ;;!t: ~ W-, 4-z__ --- �~a:rch 13, 1935 llungo HacKay, Esq. Lingerr.ood , !Teuton Gx-anc,;e, lHdlo thia n, Scotl nnc1 Dear nr . ilaoKay : You t:111 :pardon th~ liberty I am takine; of wri tinb you at ·i;his time, but I desire t o auvise yo u thut \-;;e have just had a very pleusan·t visit fl"om r.!x-. }'./ . F . Mas t e r t on. , uho came hexe a'bou. t t\·10 weeks ago. I ap.!:)xeciated ~ r. llaste rton's visi'i.; very muoh on a ccount of the exoha~e of ioeas, he gi vin~ us many of the methocie ann p1·actices of ';.'Cl r!ti"ng co al mines in Grea t Bri tain, and the min es which you h ave ollarge of p ~rti cularly ,- we g iving hi.m the benefi t of our experience in our proper•i.i es, the conta ct mutuall~ ·b eneficial. ; Mr. liosterton left here o n the morning of the 10th, goin0 to Butte, r.fontam.. , \·,h~re he will examine some metal mines, thereafter ,·1orki,1i:, hi s way into Canada, leuvine., for home, r unaerstond, about A1)ril 12th . \'le were very. much imp:ressea ,•; i th lir. liasterto n 'a knowledge of . mining in ·~he British Isl as . He has a very ple~sing yersonclity, and i7e enjoyed the meeting v, ith him greatly . He mo.de many friends ,:1hile h e re, anu I am t:m~e ,·Jill llllve much to tell y ou E:.bouii h i e experiences in the reapec ti ve Ameri c a n coa l mini nb oi stri eta which he visited. Uy home is in Eust l•,ife , where my father still re oidee. !!y wife a nd I \''Jere i n Seo tle.nd in 1~31 • SJ.J ending several da.ye in Edinburgh, a vi sit which we grea tly enjoyed. Incidentelly, one Sunday afternoon , VJi th some friends, I drove through IJewton Gran 6 e. ,, The coal business i s rather unsettled in t hi e count ry , a na has been for the l o.et f ive yea rs. rte e:xperienced a slump in common with all o ther ousiaesaes in this coun triJ. 1:/e �are pullin6 out e !i ttle p and we hope that, as time t,oes J;)Qst, no:unl b;.H:Jiness cond i tions wil.J. intervene. At;;a.in ~\3!:::il:!'int; yo n of the vlea·aure . it gave ua to h;..vc ~1:r. Lc\Eterion here, am with kind :peI'sona l z-egurds , :i: nm Yours ve~y s incerely, Orl:!in'II,) Sl.11ne('i: GtORGE B. PRYDl . ' ' �r/ ,I I t\l\. .• ' J/~...,....,,., .. -· 'i;i c.... . . ��) ( c. Bussell, .\.sst. Gen . tlgr. Dimnond Coal & Co ke .Cowvc.ny 1!;-: T. Butte. !!on tans. Deer Too: Thie letteE 'i.·Jill be handed to yo~ b,y ili·. i.'."illi~r:1 P . Ua.sterton, a oininc; engi neer from ~)cotla nd. !Ir :-ffa oterton has been ii'l the Unit ecl States. for aoout four months, looking ovGr the ope:r.:i.tion s of American coal mines, and hus been for the lcist t\";o ,.1ecks ,;i th us here. He ie desirous of oeeing i::ome Qf the metal mines of Butte, una i f you could pu.t hi□ in touch vi th the pro11er officers of your Coa~any , I shoul~ be very much obli&ed tc yo~, as he will be greatly interested in seei n& ~one of t he col,Jper min ea of you1· Com,tJany, if' acreeeble. J~fter visitin~ in Butte, he vl::rno to g o on 3 a!:!t to Conada, a.p ending some time .theze. thereafter aailinc for home around Apri l 12th . Llr. llasierton, of course, is very fo.IJ.iliar \'11th tho oper?.tions of the coal minea in Scotland. ~ml I a:n sure you noul d find hi~ very interestipg if you coul-d spnre a little time 'l:7ith him. Anythin g you ca~ <!o f or hi □ nili be g:reatl y E...i,):..3:recic ted .• Sincerely you.rs . Ul lj( llih ; hl;lD\>d: I V GEORG£ B. PR'ID~ �THE COMPANY WlLL APPRECIATE SUGGESTIONS FROM ITS PATRONS CONCERNING ITS SERVICE ,I 'CLAssOP~ T'/ '~ ~ t c · Tel~,am ~• r legram uni .,.i defcncd cha er is indicated by a s table sign above or precedIng the addtcSS. WESTERN R. 9. WHrnt UN][ON NEWCOMD C.\RLTON J. c. wn.t..avaR Pfl~DC.NT CHAl~MAN oar THd no.-.-.o ,.,11.-r vu:&-Pll&.• 101:H.T .. ( 40 ) ,/ 1201-S SIGNS DL:;,,1; O:a.y Letter ' NM = Nigh, M=agc. NL = Night Letter LC = DefctTcd Cable NLT = Cable Niaht Letter Ship Rnd!ogruu "\ The filing tune shown u, tlac date linc-o'Q tclcl!raqa"'an<\ day lctlcn is Standard Time ;it point of ong,n. Time of receipt u Standard Time :,t pomt of dcshn:,tion. _., L • .,.) I-'" II',) I U\.:~.::O. ~· • d at . Rece1ve . --... . .. ,.. - · · l~j:, i-tl:i ~'.:> m·: - 1 ,, • 4~ \KH3 17 9 EXTRA =DUPE OF TEL EGRAM SENT TO ROCKSPRINGS RR OFC 1 K LARAMIE WYO 24 935P GEO B PRYD E= :UN ION PAC I F IC COAL CO=RN= ARR I VING 2 AM NOT 4 AM ~S NOTIFIED= MAS TERTON. WESTERN UNION MESSENGERS ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE DELIVERY OF NOTES AND PACKAGES �i THE COMPANY WILL APPRECIATE SUGGESTIONS FROM ITS PATRONS CONCERNING ITS SERVICE / Cl.ASS OP ~VICli " -TI'·~ is a full-rate t=. ' Tcl~am or Cable,. unless its d e,. nedchancter ls in• dicat:cd by a -suitable sign above o r prcccdlng the address.. / 1 WESTERN UN]I0N(19l ' SIGNS DI. - Doy Letter NM - Nlaht Mcssa.1e NL - Nlaht Letter LC • DcferTed Coble •• II.. a,. WHCTC N~WCOMO CAR\..TON j . C ~ WU..L CV SA P ltUIOIILNT c::ttAtltMAH OP' TH'C DOAtlO " " ' " V1c.a.-1"11ce101:NT .. 1201-S ✓ NLT • Cable N(aht Letter Ship R.adlornm " The liliq tune sbo.,,. ,n I.be date U- oo lclccnms :>Dd cby letters LS Stand:>rd Tune :>l PolDl ol oncu,. Ti.me ol rccetpt u St.aodard Tune :it point o f dcsl1D:1t100. .Received at ~ - ~L~ ~..,: ;;:~ H~IG~ ., •. c. IKH32 8 NM=STLOUIS MO 22 0 MINUTES IN TI\ANSIT ......... HTC GEO B PRYDE=! UN ION PACIFIC COAL CO WI LL ARRIVE MONDAY 25TH 4 AM= ~AS TERTO N. WESTERN UNION MESSENGERS ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE DELIVERY I .V' ) OTES AND PACKAGES DA1' ......c .. �- jcu.ss OF SERVICE DESIRE~ DOMESTIC CABLE GRAM FULl RATE DAY LETTER DEfl:!!REO (C(Q)If')f ({))If NIGHT MESSAGE HIGHT LETTER NIGHT LETTER WEEK END LETTER \%Y~~,rm:~~ TDJNll<O>~ 1rlEILIE:@~.&JMr T~ Pe>trons abould chcdt cl4s3ot aenlcc da:sirod: othcrwioo IDC0$1l(!O will be tnDIIDltt<>dnoe>toll•r.,IO eommanlctiot1. - P.OOK SPRIMGS - FEB. 22, l'.:)35 \7ILLI.All F HASTER'I'O DT HOTEL .STATLER ST LOUI S I !.[ISSOURI \'/IRE DATE WILL HAVE so:rmm1E LOOK OUT FOR YOU WHEN TRAIN ARRIVES HERE MOlIDAY GEORGE B PRYDE �THE COMPANY \~L APPRECIATE SUGGESTIONS FROM ITS PA;RONS CONCERNINGr ITS SERVICE ,I Cl.Ass OP Sl::RVlCB -- Is a full-rate Tc~ or Cablom unless its de~cm:d character is in• dicated by a suitable sign above or ptc<:eding the address. " W ESTERN ~ UNION ft.. B. WHITS: l'fEWCOMD CARLT ON .J.C. WIL.L~S~ P'IIIQID&HT CHAUU4AN Of!' TH& DOARO PIRS1' V1CC•P"lll•• to•NT ~ 1201-S ' S I GNS DL - D•v Letter NM= Nli:ht Me.ssaae NL = Night Letter LC = Deferred C, blc NLT- Coble Night Letter Ship R•dlo11t•m . . Tune o! rcce,pt u Sbndard Time at point of dcs111,ahon. The filing tune showu ,a tbe date liac oa t e l ~ and cby lelter.s u Sbndard Time at powt o! ongizi. Rfeived at ,....,;-~~~~ !;f;;',t ' ...._\~1~,{ -.~ -.; • 'i - :KH51 17 NM 2 EXTRA=STLOU IS MO 21 ;935 FEB 21 PM 8 {.10 I MINUTES IN TRANSIT DATLCTT&R GEORGE PRYDE= UNION PAC IF IC COAL COMPANY :LEAVI NG HERE 2 PM SATURDAY ARRIVING ROCKSPRING~ 3 AM MON DA Y REGRET TH IS ONLY CON VEN I ENT TRA IN=: MAS TERTO N STATLER HOTEL . WESTERN UNION MESSENGERS ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE DELIVERY OF NOTES AND PACKAGES �·, I ti!' • Dill :la.t1 1? • :;::.:1s·i;;oz,::; C"'2 :, Ilotol Sto.t l ex• ~ st . Y.ou:lo, !i!sso:JZ")io c:.1.r oond:!.tioz1s . �.,,,.,- ----\'. e Yiill be L l.:-a t o i:.c.ike care of £5:r . :!as terton r:1.crt he G,eta out here, Li v l nf: Li u e very o ypo:rtunity I?Ossi b l e t o go �Li!- • George B. Pr fde: If you are not here io meet !r.r. Hasterton, I 1:11.11 be cl a d t 0 see th::d; he i s t'1hm care of. I preswne we •.,ill be notified the exact d-'1.-ce of i1is arri va.11 ~ ('PJ ':,,,, t✓ �Rock Spring s - Nov. 5, 1934 ,-. llr. I. N . Baylessi HereYJi t h letter f rom ~.i: r. J,;. c.nul i ffe a nd my a nswe r thereto. ·,hll you k e e :i_J thi s in mind in the eve n t I s llo u l o tio t be here, so that ~.:r. l.i& ~t e rton v1 ill be taken care of up on hj_s a rri val here some time in F e br U:i.ry. �4~ Mr. G.B. ·- - __ _ _ I I L- I ' ~-,• ' • ,,_ 080-3 ~b I_. I NC \, 193!;'. Omaha - November 2., 19340 I (:r.'i!E" ----.r-. , '- Mr. riilliam Fo 11ast0rt onp the h older of a Sil" James caird Travelling Scholarship 9 granted through the Empire Counc il of Mining and Metallurg ical I n stitutions of Great Brita in, met me in nashington Tiith a l etter of int1~oduction from Mro Co McDermid, Sec:::-etary of the Institution.11 on October 31st o Mr. ticDermid advises that Mr o Masterton i s the son of the late NJ.I'. Johi."l. l:lasterton,11 Ho Mop Divisiona l I nspector of ?,lines for Scot l and, the letter requesting that we extend to Mro Masterton the privilege of looking into our mines .11 etc o .11 v1hen he arrives., uhich he advises will be early in February, advance notice to be given me her e. vill you kindly see that the same courtesies are extended to Mr. Masterton that you granted Messrso Reid and Leek? I \'Jould suggest , however, t hat the yoW'lg man be put up at the hotel, his expenses taken care of by the c 01.npanyo -------------~--- .,...,..._ - �llr. Eugene :1cAuli ffe: Yours of lTovemb er 2 , 0 30-3 : \7e \1ill be L l E. a t o t uke c are of Mr. lIE:tsterton v1.r...en he i;,ets out here, g ivi ng h i o eve r y opportuni ·ty po saible to go over our properties. Oriiririo.l Signed: GEORG£ B. PRYUl � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Union Pacific Collection Description An account of the resource This collection is made possible in part by a generous grant from Wyoming Humanities. All materials are the property of Union Pacific Coal Company, on long-term loan at Western Wyoming Community College. For usage inquiries, contact the <a href="https://www.uprrmuseum.org">Union Pacific Museum</a> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Correspondence Regarding WM. F. Masterton's Visit Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-NC-ND Date Created Date of creation of the resource. February-March 1935 Subject The topic of the resource Letters, 1935, Visit Description An account of the resource Letters and documents regarding WM. F. Masterton's Visit to the mines. The documents are held together by a brass pin. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource George B. Pryde, William. F. Masterton, Mungo MacKay, Eugene McAuliffe, I.N. Bayless Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1-0288 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Union Pacific Coal Co.